parD1 Family assigned · medium auto-curated

H37Rv Rv1960c · MTBC0 mtbc0_002075 · 83 aa · 2223090–2223341 (-) · RefSeq NP_216476.1

Annotation: from legacy to revised

Legacy (H37Rv / Mycobrowser)antitoxin ParD1
MTBC0 PGAP re-annotationtype II toxin-antitoxin system ParD family antitoxin
Revised (this work)Type II toxin-antitoxin system ParD family antitoxin. Pfam: ParD_antitoxin (PF03693.21).

Auto-curated: this verdict and function were generated by rules from PGAP + Pfam + Foldseek and have not been hand-reviewed.

Curated reference (UniProt)

UniProt P9WIJ7 SwissProt · reviewed · Evidence at protein level
UniProt nameAntitoxin ParD1
Curated functionAntitoxin component of a type II toxin-antitoxin (TA) system. Upon expression in E.coli neutralizes the effect of cognate toxin ParE1.

Functional vocabulary (eggNOG-mapper, orthology transfer)

COG category K Transcription
Preferred nameparD1
eggNOG descriptionBacterial antitoxin of ParD toxin-antitoxin type II system and RHH
Orthologous groupCOG3609
KEGG orthology K07746
Gene Ontology (6) GO:0008150, GO:0040008, GO:0045927, GO:0048518, GO:0050789, GO:0065007

Orthology-based transfer (eggNOG 5.0.2, diamond). EC/KO/GO/CAZy are computed annotations, not manual curation; cross-check against the primary literature before treating a specific reaction as established.

Conservation & selection (intra-MTBC, 145 209 strains)

pN/pS 0.34 · purifying
Polymorphic sites (≥ 0.1% of strains) 2 synonymous, 2 missense, 0 nonsense, 0 frameshift

pN/pS from segregating SNPs (singletons removed) normalised by possible sites. Low pN/pS = purifying selection (a strong signal that a "hypothetical" is a real, constrained gene). A high pN/pS is ambiguous: relaxed constraint or positive selection (drug resistance, antigenic variation) inflate it; e.g. rpoB/katG/pncA score high here for resistance, not loss of function. A clonal disruption (one allele over a clade) suggests lineage pseudogenisation; a convergent one (many independent alleles) is typical of resistance loss-of-function.

Domains (Pfam, hmmscan --cut_ga)

PfamAccessioni-EvalueResiduesDescription
ParD_antitoxinPF03693.21 6.1e-451–81 Bacterial antitoxin of ParD toxin-antitoxin type II system and RHH

Functional interaction network (STRING v12, guilt-by-association)

Closest characterised functional partner: parE1 (toxin ParE1), high confidence from genomic context alone (score 995 excluding text-mining).

PartnerProductScoreNo text-miningChannels (≥400)
Rv1959c parE1 toxin ParE1 999 995 ctx neighborhood:882 cooccurence:774 experimental:756 textmining:815
Rv0624 vapC30 ribonuclease VapC30 853 850 coexpression:815
Rv1151c cobB NAD-dependent protein deacylase 803 803 coexpression:803
Rv3291c lrpA transcriptional regulator LrpA 802 802 coexpression:802
Rv3488 hyp hypothetical protein 801 801 coexpression:801
Rv0212c nadR transcriptional regulator NadR 791 791 coexpression:761
Rv1167c transcriptional regulator 791 791 coexpression:791
Rv1395 HTH-type transcriptional regulator 788 788 coexpression:788
Rv0273c transcriptional regulator 785 785 coexpression:785
Rv3183 higA3 transcriptional regulator 767 767 coexpression:767
Rv3736 AraC/XylS family transcriptional regulator 765 765 coexpression:765
Rv3855 ethR HTH-type transcriptional repressor EthR 765 765 coexpression:765
Rv2788 sirR transcriptional repressor SirR 759 759 coexpression:759
Rv3066 DeoR family transcriptional regulator 746 746 coexpression:746
Rv1176c hyp hypothetical protein 740 740 coexpression:740

STRING combines evidence channels (neighborhood, fusion, cooccurrence, coexpression, experimental, database, text-mining) into a 0–1000 score. The ctx badge marks edges carried by the genomic-context channels (conserved neighborhood, fusion, phylogenetic co-occurrence), which are independent of orthology and structure and the strongest signal for an unknown gene. The no text-mining column recomputes the score from data alone, so a link that does not depend on the literature is visible. Association is a function hypothesis, not proof: corroborate with the operon context and the primary literature before assigning a function.

Evidence

  • Legacy H37Rv annotation: antitoxin ParD1
  • MTBC0 PGAP product: type II toxin-antitoxin system ParD family antitoxin
  • Pfam (hmmscan --cut_ga): ParD_antitoxin PF03693.21 (E=6e-45)
  • (auto-curated by rules from PGAP + Pfam + Foldseek; not hand-reviewed)

Sources

  • Ancestral sequence & coordinates: Harrison LB et al. (2024), An imputed ancestral reference genome for the MTBC, doi:10.1101/2023.09.07.556366
  • Product annotation: NCBI PGAP on MTBC0; legacy from H37Rv NC_000962.3 (RefSeq NP_216476.1)
  • Domains: Pfam-A via hmmscan --cut_ga — ParD_antitoxin (PF03693.21)
  • Sequence-level signal: ESM Atlas (EvolutionaryScale × BioHub) — exploratory
  • Controlled vocabulary: eggNOG-mapper 2.1.12 (Cantalapiedra et al. 2021, doi:10.1093/molbev/msab293), eggNOG 5.0 DB (Huerta-Cepas et al. 2019) — OG COG3609
  • Curated reference: UniProt P9WIJ7 (SwissProt, reviewed; Evidence at protein level)
  • Intra-MTBC selection: pN/pS and disruption from SPDI variants of 145 209 MTBC strains (this work, local collection vs H37Rv NC_000962.3)
  • Interaction network: STRING v12.0 (Szklarczyk et al. 2023, doi:10.1093/nar/gkac1000), taxon 83332, CC-BY 4.0 — 54 functional partner(s); context anchor parE1
  • Primary literature: none located yet; annotation rests on the domain/homology sources above.

Ancestral MTBC0 protein sequence

>mtbc0_002075|Rv1960c|parD1
MGKNTSFVLDEHYSAFIDGEIAAGRYRSASEVIRSALRLLEDRETQLRALREALEAGERSGSSTPFDFDGFLGRKRADASRGR