mhpE Resolved · high auto-curated

H37Rv Rv3469c · MTBC0 mtbc0_003686 · 336 aa · 3912013–3913023 (-) · RefSeq NP_217986.1

Annotation: from legacy to revised

Legacy (H37Rv / Mycobrowser)4-hydroxy-2-oxovalerate aldolase MhpE
MTBC0 PGAP re-annotation4-hydroxy-2-oxovalerate aldolase
Revised (this work)4-hydroxy-2-oxovalerate aldolase. Pfam: HMGL-like (PF00682.26).

Auto-curated: this verdict and function were generated by rules from PGAP + Pfam + Foldseek and have not been hand-reviewed.

Curated reference (UniProt)

UniProt O06334 SwissProt · reviewed · Evidence at protein level
UniProt nameOxaloacetate decarboxylase
EC (curated) EC 4.1.1.112
Curated functionExhibits oxaloacetate decarboxylase activity. Lacks any detectable aldolase activity with 4-hydroxy-2-oxopentanoate (HOPA), 4-hydroxy-2-oxohexanoate (HOHA) or other 4-hydroxy-2-oxoacids.

Functional vocabulary (eggNOG-mapper, orthology transfer)

COG category E Amino acid transport and metabolism
Preferred namemhpE
eggNOG descriptionCatalyzes the retro-aldol cleavage of 4-hydroxy-2- oxopentanoate to pyruvate and acetaldehyde. Is involved in the meta-cleavage pathway for the degradation of aromatic compounds
Orthologous groupCOG0119
EC number EC 4.1.3.39
KEGG orthology K01666
KEGG pathways map00360, map00362, map00621, map00622, map01100, map01120, map01220
KEGG modules M00545, M00569

Orthology-based transfer (eggNOG 5.0.2, diamond). EC/KO/GO/CAZy are computed annotations, not manual curation; cross-check against the primary literature before treating a specific reaction as established.

Conservation & selection (intra-MTBC, 145 209 strains)

pN/pS 2.013 · diversifying/relaxed
Polymorphic sites (≥ 0.1% of strains) 1 synonymous, 6 missense, 0 nonsense, 0 frameshift

pN/pS from segregating SNPs (singletons removed) normalised by possible sites. Low pN/pS = purifying selection (a strong signal that a "hypothetical" is a real, constrained gene). A high pN/pS is ambiguous: relaxed constraint or positive selection (drug resistance, antigenic variation) inflate it; e.g. rpoB/katG/pncA score high here for resistance, not loss of function. A clonal disruption (one allele over a clade) suggests lineage pseudogenisation; a convergent one (many independent alleles) is typical of resistance loss-of-function.

Domains (Pfam, hmmscan --cut_ga)

PfamAccessioni-EvalueResiduesDescription
HMGL-likePF00682.26 9.8e-3711–261 HMGL-like

Functional interaction network (STRING v12, guilt-by-association)

Closest characterised functional partner: hsaG (acetaldehyde dehydrogenase), high confidence from genomic context alone (score 1000 excluding text-mining).

PartnerProductScoreNo text-miningChannels (≥400)
Rv3535c hsaG acetaldehyde dehydrogenase 999 1000 ctx cooccurence:774 experimental:987 database:900
Rv3536c hsaE hydratase 985 983 ctx cooccurence:755 database:900
Rv3534c hsaF 4-hydroxy-2-oxovalerate aldolase 923 923 database:900
Rv3470c ilvB2 acetolactate synthase large subunit 986 906 ctx neighborhood:677 coexpression:439 textmining:860
Rv3468c dTDP-glucose 4,6-dehydratase 906 906 ctx neighborhood:882
Rv2995c leuB 3-isopropylmalate dehydrogenase 789 767 coexpression:694
Rv2988c leuC 3-isopropylmalate dehydratase large subunit 781 758 coexpression:695
Rv2987c leuD 3-isopropylmalate dehydratase small subunit 780 757 coexpression:695
Rv3001c ilvC ketol-acid reductoisomerase 765 740 coexpression:691
Rv0189c ilvD dihydroxy-acid dehydratase 745 718 coexpression:650
Rv3003c ilvB1 acetolactate synthase large subunit IlvB 722 708
Rv0812 4-amino-4-deoxychorismate lyase 683 663 coexpression:608
Rv2210c ilvE branched-chain amino acid aminotransferase 681 661 coexpression:606
Rv3002c ilvN acetolactate synthase small subunit 690 656 coexpression:582
Rv3471c hyp hypothetical protein 649 649 ctx neighborhood:646

STRING combines evidence channels (neighborhood, fusion, cooccurrence, coexpression, experimental, database, text-mining) into a 0–1000 score. The ctx badge marks edges carried by the genomic-context channels (conserved neighborhood, fusion, phylogenetic co-occurrence), which are independent of orthology and structure and the strongest signal for an unknown gene. The no text-mining column recomputes the score from data alone, so a link that does not depend on the literature is visible. Association is a function hypothesis, not proof: corroborate with the operon context and the primary literature before assigning a function.

Evidence

  • Legacy H37Rv annotation: 4-hydroxy-2-oxovalerate aldolase MhpE
  • MTBC0 PGAP product: 4-hydroxy-2-oxovalerate aldolase
  • Pfam (hmmscan --cut_ga): HMGL-like PF00682.26 (E=1e-36)
  • (auto-curated by rules from PGAP + Pfam + Foldseek; not hand-reviewed)

Sources

  • Ancestral sequence & coordinates: Harrison LB et al. (2024), An imputed ancestral reference genome for the MTBC, doi:10.1101/2023.09.07.556366
  • Product annotation: NCBI PGAP on MTBC0; legacy from H37Rv NC_000962.3 (RefSeq NP_217986.1)
  • Domains: Pfam-A via hmmscan --cut_ga — HMGL-like (PF00682.26)
  • Sequence-level signal: ESM Atlas (EvolutionaryScale × BioHub) — exploratory
  • Controlled vocabulary: eggNOG-mapper 2.1.12 (Cantalapiedra et al. 2021, doi:10.1093/molbev/msab293), eggNOG 5.0 DB (Huerta-Cepas et al. 2019) — OG COG0119
  • Curated reference: UniProt O06334 (SwissProt, reviewed; Evidence at protein level)
  • Intra-MTBC selection: pN/pS and disruption from SPDI variants of 145 209 MTBC strains (this work, local collection vs H37Rv NC_000962.3)
  • Interaction network: STRING v12.0 (Szklarczyk et al. 2023, doi:10.1093/nar/gkac1000), taxon 83332, CC-BY 4.0 — 110 functional partner(s); context anchor hsaG
  • Primary literature: none located yet; annotation rests on the domain/homology sources above.

Ancestral MTBC0 protein sequence

>mtbc0_003686|Rv3469c|mhpE
MLMTATHREPIVLDTTVRDGSYAVNFQYTDDDVRRIVGDLDAAGIPYIEIGHGVTIGAAAAQGPAAHTDEEYFRAARSVVRNARLGAVIVPALARIETVDLAGDYLDFLRICVIATEFELVMPFVERAQSKGLEVSIQLVKSHLFEPDVLAAAGKRARDVGVRIVYVVDTTGTFLPEDARRYVEALRGASDVSVGFHGHNNLAMAVANTLEAFDAGADFLDGTLMGFGRGAGNCQIECLVAALQRRGHLAAVDLDRIFDAARSDMLGRSPQSYGIDPWEISFGFHGLDSLQVEHLRAAAQQAGLSVSHVIRQTAKSHAGQWLSPQDIDRVVVGMRA