ilvC Resolved · high auto-curated

H37Rv Rv3001c · MTBC0 mtbc0_003190 · 333 aa · 3380894–3381895 (-) · RefSeq NP_217517.3

Annotation: from legacy to revised

Legacy (H37Rv / Mycobrowser)ketol-acid reductoisomerase
MTBC0 PGAP re-annotationketol-acid reductoisomerase
Revised (this work)Ketol-acid reductoisomerase. Pfam: KARI_N (PF07991.19), 2-Hacid_dh_C (PF02826.26), NAD_binding_2 (PF03446.22), KARI_C (PF01450.26).

Auto-curated: this verdict and function were generated by rules from PGAP + Pfam + Foldseek and have not been hand-reviewed.

Curated reference (UniProt)

UniProt P9WKJ7 SwissProt · reviewed · Evidence at protein level
UniProt nameKetol-acid reductoisomerase
EC (curated) EC 1.1.1.86
Curated functionInvolved in the biosynthesis of branched-chain amino acids (BCAA). Catalyzes an alkyl-migration followed by a ketol-acid reduction of (S)-2-acetolactate (S2AL) to yield (R)-2,3-dihydroxy-isovalerate. In the isomerase reaction, S2AL is rearranged via a Mg-dependent methyl migration to produce 3-hydroxy-3-methyl-2-ketobutyrate (HMKB). In the reductase reaction, this 2-ketoacid undergoes a metal-dependent reduction by NADPH to yield (R)-2,3-dihydroxy-isovalerate. It is also able to use 3-hydroxypyruvate (HP).

Functional vocabulary (eggNOG-mapper, orthology transfer)

COG category E Amino acid transport and metabolism
H Coenzyme transport and metabolism
Preferred nameilvC
eggNOG descriptionInvolved in the biosynthesis of branched-chain amino acids (BCAA). Catalyzes an alkyl-migration followed by a ketol- acid reduction of (S)-2-acetolactate (S2AL) to yield (R)-2,3- dihydroxy-isovalerate. In the isomerase reaction, S2AL is rearranged via a Mg-dependent methyl migration to produce 3- hydroxy-3-methyl-2-ketobutyrate (HMKB). In the reductase reaction, this 2-ketoacid undergoes a metal-dependent reduction by NADPH to yield (R)-2,3-dihydroxy-isovalerate
Orthologous groupCOG0059
EC number EC 1.1.1.86
KEGG orthology K00053
KEGG pathways map00290, map00770, map01100, map01110, map01130, map01210, map01230
KEGG modules M00019, M00570
Gene Ontology (21) GO:0003674, GO:0003824, GO:0005575, GO:0005622, GO:0005623, GO:0005737, GO:0005829, GO:0005886, GO:0008150, GO:0008152, GO:0008677, GO:0016020 +9 more

Orthology-based transfer (eggNOG 5.0.2, diamond). EC/KO/GO/CAZy are computed annotations, not manual curation; cross-check against the primary literature before treating a specific reaction as established.

Conservation & selection (intra-MTBC, 145 209 strains)

pN/pS 0.0 · strong purifying
Polymorphic sites (≥ 0.1% of strains) 3 synonymous, 0 missense, 0 nonsense, 0 frameshift

pN/pS from segregating SNPs (singletons removed) normalised by possible sites. Low pN/pS = purifying selection (a strong signal that a "hypothetical" is a real, constrained gene). A high pN/pS is ambiguous: relaxed constraint or positive selection (drug resistance, antigenic variation) inflate it; e.g. rpoB/katG/pncA score high here for resistance, not loss of function. A clonal disruption (one allele over a clade) suggests lineage pseudogenisation; a convergent one (many independent alleles) is typical of resistance loss-of-function.

Domains (Pfam, hmmscan --cut_ga)

PfamAccessioni-EvalueResiduesDescription
KARI_NPF07991.19 2.1e-6912–175 Acetohydroxy acid isomeroreductase, NADPH-binding domain
2-Hacid_dh_CPF02826.26 1.1e-0612–84 D-isomer specific 2-hydroxyacid dehydrogenase, NAD binding domain
NAD_binding_2PF03446.22 5.0e-0516–101 NAD binding domain of 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase
KARI_CPF01450.26 1.8e-58181–324 Ketol-acid reductoisomerase, C-terminal domain

Functional interaction network (STRING v12, guilt-by-association)

Closest characterised functional partner: ilvN (acetolactate synthase small subunit), high confidence from genomic context alone (score 1000 excluding text-mining).

PartnerProductScoreNo text-miningChannels (≥400)
Rv3002c ilvN acetolactate synthase small subunit 999 1000 ctx neighborhood:823 cooccurence:719 coexpression:951 database:900 textmining:938
Rv3003c ilvB1 acetolactate synthase large subunit IlvB 999 997 ctx neighborhood:732 cooccurence:766 coexpression:618 database:900 textmining:813
Rv0189c ilvD dihydroxy-acid dehydratase 998 995 ctx cooccurence:733 coexpression:791 database:900 textmining:802
Rv3470c ilvB2 acetolactate synthase large subunit 988 987 ctx cooccurence:735 coexpression:537 database:900
Rv1820 ilvG acetolactate synthase large subunit IlvG 991 975 ctx cooccurence:463 coexpression:540 database:900 textmining:670
Rv3509c ilvX acetohydroxyacid synthase large subunit 980 964 coexpression:540 database:900 textmining:479
Rv2987c leuD 3-isopropylmalate dehydratase small subunit 970 905 coexpression:848 textmining:707
Rv2995c leuB 3-isopropylmalate dehydrogenase 972 904 coexpression:837 textmining:725
Rv2988c leuC 3-isopropylmalate dehydratase large subunit 958 903 coexpression:852 textmining:588
Rv3710 leuA 2-isopropylmalate synthase 937 777 coexpression:699 textmining:731
Rv3469c mhpE 4-hydroxy-2-oxovalerate aldolase MhpE 765 740 coexpression:691
Rv1295 thrC threonine synthase 795 712 coexpression:636
Rv3534c hsaF 4-hydroxy-2-oxovalerate aldolase 733 704 coexpression:693
Rv1559 ilvA threonine dehydratase IlvA 900 699 coexpression:526 textmining:682
Rv0118c oxcA oxalyl-CoA decarboxylase OxcA 775 691 coexpression:538

STRING combines evidence channels (neighborhood, fusion, cooccurrence, coexpression, experimental, database, text-mining) into a 0–1000 score. The ctx badge marks edges carried by the genomic-context channels (conserved neighborhood, fusion, phylogenetic co-occurrence), which are independent of orthology and structure and the strongest signal for an unknown gene. The no text-mining column recomputes the score from data alone, so a link that does not depend on the literature is visible. Association is a function hypothesis, not proof: corroborate with the operon context and the primary literature before assigning a function.

Evidence

  • Legacy H37Rv annotation: ketol-acid reductoisomerase
  • MTBC0 PGAP product: ketol-acid reductoisomerase
  • Pfam (hmmscan --cut_ga): KARI_N PF07991.19 (E=2e-69), 2-Hacid_dh_C PF02826.26 (E=1e-06), NAD_binding_2 PF03446.22 (E=5e-05), KARI_C PF01450.26 (E=2e-58)
  • (auto-curated by rules from PGAP + Pfam + Foldseek; not hand-reviewed)

Sources

  • Ancestral sequence & coordinates: Harrison LB et al. (2024), An imputed ancestral reference genome for the MTBC, doi:10.1101/2023.09.07.556366
  • Product annotation: NCBI PGAP on MTBC0; legacy from H37Rv NC_000962.3 (RefSeq NP_217517.3)
  • Domains: Pfam-A via hmmscan --cut_ga — KARI_N (PF07991.19), 2-Hacid_dh_C (PF02826.26), NAD_binding_2 (PF03446.22), KARI_C (PF01450.26)
  • Sequence-level signal: ESM Atlas (EvolutionaryScale × BioHub) — exploratory
  • Controlled vocabulary: eggNOG-mapper 2.1.12 (Cantalapiedra et al. 2021, doi:10.1093/molbev/msab293), eggNOG 5.0 DB (Huerta-Cepas et al. 2019) — OG COG0059
  • Curated reference: UniProt P9WKJ7 (SwissProt, reviewed; Evidence at protein level)
  • Intra-MTBC selection: pN/pS and disruption from SPDI variants of 145 209 MTBC strains (this work, local collection vs H37Rv NC_000962.3)
  • Interaction network: STRING v12.0 (Szklarczyk et al. 2023, doi:10.1093/nar/gkac1000), taxon 83332, CC-BY 4.0 — 79 functional partner(s); context anchor ilvN
  • Primary literature: none located yet; annotation rests on the domain/homology sources above.

Ancestral MTBC0 protein sequence

>mtbc0_003190|Rv3001c|ilvC
MFYDDDADLSIIQGRKVGVIGYGSQGHAHSLSLRDSGVQVRVGLKQGSRSRPKVEEQGLDVDTPAEVAKWADVVMVLAPDTAQAEIFAGDIEPNLKPGDALFFGHGLNVHFGLIKPPADVAVAMVAPKGPGHLVRRQFVDGKGVPCLVAVEQDPRGDGLALALSYAKAIGGTRAGVIKTTFKDETETDLFGEQTVLCGGTEELVKAGFEVMVEAGYPAELAYFEVLHELKLIVDLMYEGGLARMYYSVSDTAEFGGYLSGPRVIDAGTKERMRDILREIQDGSFVHKLVADVEGGNKQLEELRRQNAEHPIEVVGKKLRDLMSWVDRPITETA