galK Resolved · high auto-curated

H37Rv Rv0620 · MTBC0 mtbc0_000653 · 363 aa · 716269–717360 (+) · RefSeq NP_215134.1

Annotation: from legacy to revised

Legacy (H37Rv / Mycobrowser)galactokinase
MTBC0 PGAP re-annotationgalactokinase
Revised (this work)Galactokinase. Pfam: GalKase_gal_bdg (PF10509.16), GHMP_kinases_N (PF00288.33), GHMP_kinases_C (PF08544.19).

Auto-curated: this verdict and function were generated by rules from PGAP + Pfam + Foldseek and have not been hand-reviewed.

Curated reference (UniProt)

UniProt P9WN63 SwissProt · reviewed · Inferred from homology
UniProt nameGalactokinase
EC (curated) EC 2.7.1.6
Curated functionCatalyzes the transfer of the gamma-phosphate of ATP to D-galactose to form alpha-D-galactose-1-phosphate (Gal-1-P).

Functional vocabulary (eggNOG-mapper, orthology transfer)

COG category G Carbohydrate transport and metabolism
Preferred namegalK
eggNOG descriptionBelongs to the GHMP kinase family. GalK subfamily
Orthologous groupCOG0153
EC number EC 2.7.1.6, EC 2.7.7.12
KEGG orthology K00849, K00965
KEGG pathways map00052, map00520, map01100, map04917
KEGG modules M00362, M00554, M00632

Orthology-based transfer (eggNOG 5.0.2, diamond). EC/KO/GO/CAZy are computed annotations, not manual curation; cross-check against the primary literature before treating a specific reaction as established.

Conservation & selection (intra-MTBC, 145 209 strains)

pN/pS 0.705 · relaxed/neutral
Polymorphic sites (≥ 0.1% of strains) 10 synonymous, 18 missense, 0 nonsense, 1 frameshift
Disruption 1 distinct premature-stop/frameshift site(s); most common in 0.76% of strains (1098) · clonal

pN/pS from segregating SNPs (singletons removed) normalised by possible sites. Low pN/pS = purifying selection (a strong signal that a "hypothetical" is a real, constrained gene). A high pN/pS is ambiguous: relaxed constraint or positive selection (drug resistance, antigenic variation) inflate it; e.g. rpoB/katG/pncA score high here for resistance, not loss of function. A clonal disruption (one allele over a clade) suggests lineage pseudogenisation; a convergent one (many independent alleles) is typical of resistance loss-of-function.

Domains (Pfam, hmmscan --cut_ga)

PfamAccessioni-EvalueResiduesDescription
GalKase_gal_bdgPF10509.16 1.1e-156–39 Galactokinase galactose-binding signature
GHMP_kinases_NPF00288.33 1.3e-1574–160 GHMP kinases N terminal domain
GHMP_kinases_CPF08544.19 1.4e-13261–339 GHMP kinases C terminal

Functional interaction network (STRING v12, guilt-by-association)

Closest characterised functional partner: galTa (Rv0618, (MTCY19H5.03c), len: 231 aa (probable partial CDS). Probable galTa, first part of galactose-1-phosphate uridylyltransferase, highly ), high confidence from genomic context alone (score 1000 excluding text-mining).

PartnerProductScoreNo text-miningChannels (≥400)
Rv0618 galTa Rv0618, (MTCY19H5.03c), len: 231 aa (probable partial CDS). Probable galTa, first part of galactose-1-phosphate uridylyltransferase, highly 999 1000 ctx neighborhood:800 fusion:564 cooccurence:753 coexpression:729 experimental:400 database:900 textmining:880
Rv0619 galTb Rv0619, (MTCY19H5.02c), len: 181 aa (probable partial CDS). Probable galTb, second part of galactose-1-phosphate uridylyltransferase, highly 999 998 ctx neighborhood:800 fusion:610 cooccurence:756 coexpression:732 experimental:400 database:500 textmining:703
Rv1752 hyp hypothetical protein 831 803 experimental:768
Rv0648 alpha-mannosidase 735 735 coexpression:735
Rv0745 hyp hypothetical protein 731 731 coexpression:731
Rv0186 bglS beta-glucosidase BglS 571 572 ctx cooccurence:561
Rv0579 hyp hypothetical protein 544 544 ctx neighborhood:544
Rv3575c LacI family transcriptional regulator 627 513
Rv0617 vapC29 ribonuclease VapC29 499 500 ctx neighborhood:500
Rv0616A vapB29 antitoxin VapB29 499 500 ctx neighborhood:500
Rv2471 aglA alpha-glucosidase AglA 507 459
Rv2422 hyp hypothetical protein 457 458 coexpression:458
Rv0650 sugar kinase 523 457
Rv0408 pta phosphate acetyltransferase 588 421
Rv3464 rmlB dTDP-glucose 4,6-dehydratase 481 419 coexpression:419

STRING combines evidence channels (neighborhood, fusion, cooccurrence, coexpression, experimental, database, text-mining) into a 0–1000 score. The ctx badge marks edges carried by the genomic-context channels (conserved neighborhood, fusion, phylogenetic co-occurrence), which are independent of orthology and structure and the strongest signal for an unknown gene. The no text-mining column recomputes the score from data alone, so a link that does not depend on the literature is visible. Association is a function hypothesis, not proof: corroborate with the operon context and the primary literature before assigning a function.

Evidence

  • Legacy H37Rv annotation: galactokinase
  • MTBC0 PGAP product: galactokinase
  • Pfam (hmmscan --cut_ga): GalKase_gal_bdg PF10509.16 (E=1e-15), GHMP_kinases_N PF00288.33 (E=1e-15), GHMP_kinases_C PF08544.19 (E=1e-13)
  • (auto-curated by rules from PGAP + Pfam + Foldseek; not hand-reviewed)

Sources

  • Ancestral sequence & coordinates: Harrison LB et al. (2024), An imputed ancestral reference genome for the MTBC, doi:10.1101/2023.09.07.556366
  • Product annotation: NCBI PGAP on MTBC0; legacy from H37Rv NC_000962.3 (RefSeq NP_215134.1)
  • Domains: Pfam-A via hmmscan --cut_ga — GalKase_gal_bdg (PF10509.16), GHMP_kinases_N (PF00288.33), GHMP_kinases_C (PF08544.19)
  • Sequence-level signal: ESM Atlas (EvolutionaryScale × BioHub) — exploratory
  • Controlled vocabulary: eggNOG-mapper 2.1.12 (Cantalapiedra et al. 2021, doi:10.1093/molbev/msab293), eggNOG 5.0 DB (Huerta-Cepas et al. 2019) — OG COG0153
  • Curated reference: UniProt P9WN63 (SwissProt, reviewed; Inferred from homology)
  • Intra-MTBC selection: pN/pS and disruption from SPDI variants of 145 209 MTBC strains (this work, local collection vs H37Rv NC_000962.3)
  • Interaction network: STRING v12.0 (Szklarczyk et al. 2023, doi:10.1093/nar/gkac1000), taxon 83332, CC-BY 4.0 — 32 functional partner(s); context anchor galTa
  • Primary literature: none located yet; annotation rests on the domain/homology sources above.

Ancestral MTBC0 protein sequence

>mtbc0_000653|Rv0620|galK
MTVSYGAPGRVNLIGEHTDYNLGFALPIALPRRTVVTFTPEHTGAITARSDRADGSARIPLDTTPGQVTGWAAYAAGAIWALRGAGHPVPGGAMSITSDVEIGSGLSSSAALIGAVLGAVGAATGTRIDRLERARLAQRAENDYVGAPTGLLDHLAALFGAPKTALLIDFRDITVRPVAFDPDACDVVLLLMDSRARHRHAGGEYALRRASCERAAADLGVSSLRAVQDRGLAALGAIADPIDARRARHVLTENQRVLDFAAALADSDFTAAGQLLTASHESMREDFAITTERIDLIAESAVRAGALGARMTGGGFGGAVIALVPADRARDVADTVRRAAVTAGYDEPAVSRTYAAPGAAECR