hbhA Resolved · medium auto-curated
H37Rv Rv0475 · MTBC0 mtbc0_000500 ·
199 aa · 569162–569761 (+) ·
RefSeq NP_214989.1
Annotation: from legacy to revised
| Legacy (H37Rv / Mycobrowser) | heparin binding hemagglutinin HbhA |
|---|---|
| MTBC0 PGAP re-annotation | heparin-binding hemagglutinin HbhA |
| Revised (this work) | Heparin-binding hemagglutinin HbhA. |
Auto-curated: this verdict and function were generated by rules from PGAP + Pfam + Foldseek and have not been hand-reviewed.
Curated reference (UniProt)
| UniProt |
P9WIP9
SwissProt · reviewed
· Evidence at protein level
|
|---|---|
| UniProt name | Heparin-binding hemagglutinin |
| Curated function | Required for extrapulmonary dissemination. Mediates adherence to epithelial cells by binding to sulfated glycoconjugates present at the surface of these cells; binds heparin, dextran sulfate, fucoidan and chondroitin sulfate. Promotes hemagglutination of erythrocytes of certain host species. Induces mycobacterial aggregation. |
Functional vocabulary (eggNOG-mapper, orthology transfer)
| COG category |
S Function unknown
|
|---|---|
| Preferred name | hbhA |
| eggNOG description | Required for extrapulmonary dissemination. mediates adherence to epithelial cells by binding to sulfated glycoconjugates present at the surface of these cells |
| Orthologous group | 2EBKM |
| KEGG orthology |
K16645
|
| Gene Ontology (55) |
GO:0003674, GO:0005488, GO:0005515, GO:0005539, GO:0005575, GO:0005618, GO:0005622, GO:0005623, GO:0005737, GO:0005829, GO:0005886, GO:0007155 +43 more
|
Orthology-based transfer (eggNOG 5.0.2, diamond). EC/KO/GO/CAZy are computed annotations, not manual curation; cross-check against the primary literature before treating a specific reaction as established.
Conservation & selection (intra-MTBC, 145 209 strains)
| pN/pS | 0.0 · strong purifying |
|---|---|
| Polymorphic sites (≥ 0.1% of strains) | 2 synonymous, 0 missense, 0 nonsense, 0 frameshift |
pN/pS from segregating SNPs (singletons removed) normalised by possible sites. Low pN/pS = purifying selection (a strong signal that a "hypothetical" is a real, constrained gene). A high pN/pS is ambiguous: relaxed constraint or positive selection (drug resistance, antigenic variation) inflate it; e.g. rpoB/katG/pncA score high here for resistance, not loss of function. A clonal disruption (one allele over a clade) suggests lineage pseudogenisation; a convergent one (many independent alleles) is typical of resistance loss-of-function.
Domains (Pfam, hmmscan --cut_ga)
No Pfam-A domain above the gathering threshold (or not yet scanned).
Functional interaction network (STRING v12, guilt-by-association)
Closest characterised functional partner: Rv0476 (transmembrane protein), high confidence from genomic context alone (score 827 excluding text-mining).
| Partner | Product | Score | No text-mining | Channels (≥400) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Rv0477 hyp |
hypothetical protein | 835 | 829 ctx | neighborhood:766 |
Rv0476 |
transmembrane protein | 827 | 827 ctx | neighborhood:766 |
Rv0383c ttfA hyp |
hypothetical protein | 772 | 772 ctx | cooccurence:772 |
Rv3850 hyp |
hypothetical protein | 770 | 770 ctx | cooccurence:768 |
Rv0996 |
transmembrane protein | 770 | 770 ctx | cooccurence:767 |
Rv1109c hyp |
hypothetical protein | 768 | 769 ctx | cooccurence:768 |
Rv0556 |
transmembrane protein | 768 | 768 ctx | cooccurence:768 |
Rv0817c lmeA hyp |
hypothetical protein | 764 | 764 ctx | cooccurence:764 |
Rv2732c |
transmembrane protein | 764 | 764 ctx | cooccurence:762 |
Rv3205c hyp |
hypothetical protein | 760 | 760 ctx | cooccurence:758 |
Rv1222 rseA |
anti-sigma E factor RseA | 753 | 754 ctx | cooccurence:750 |
Rv2446c |
integral membrane protein | 751 | 752 ctx | cooccurence:751 |
Rv3212 hyp |
hypothetical protein | 750 | 751 ctx | cooccurence:747 |
Rv0358 hyp |
hypothetical protein | 750 | 751 ctx | cooccurence:750 |
Rv2360c hyp |
hypothetical protein | 750 | 750 ctx | cooccurence:750 |
STRING combines evidence channels (neighborhood, fusion, cooccurrence, coexpression, experimental, database, text-mining) into a 0–1000 score. The ctx badge marks edges carried by the genomic-context channels (conserved neighborhood, fusion, phylogenetic co-occurrence), which are independent of orthology and structure and the strongest signal for an unknown gene. The no text-mining column recomputes the score from data alone, so a link that does not depend on the literature is visible. Association is a function hypothesis, not proof: corroborate with the operon context and the primary literature before assigning a function.
Evidence
- Legacy H37Rv annotation: heparin binding hemagglutinin HbhA
- MTBC0 PGAP product: heparin-binding hemagglutinin HbhA
- (auto-curated by rules from PGAP + Pfam + Foldseek; not hand-reviewed)
Sources
- Ancestral sequence & coordinates: Harrison LB et al. (2024), An imputed ancestral reference genome for the MTBC, doi:10.1101/2023.09.07.556366
- Product annotation: NCBI PGAP on MTBC0; legacy from H37Rv NC_000962.3 (RefSeq NP_214989.1)
- Domains: Pfam-A via hmmscan --cut_ga — none above threshold
- Sequence-level signal: ESM Atlas (EvolutionaryScale × BioHub) — exploratory
- Controlled vocabulary: eggNOG-mapper 2.1.12 (Cantalapiedra et al. 2021,
doi:10.1093/molbev/msab293), eggNOG 5.0 DB
(Huerta-Cepas et al. 2019) — OG
2EBKM - Curated reference: UniProt P9WIP9 (SwissProt, reviewed; Evidence at protein level)
- Intra-MTBC selection: pN/pS and disruption from SPDI variants of 145 209 MTBC strains (this work, local collection vs H37Rv NC_000962.3)
- Interaction network: STRING v12.0 (Szklarczyk et al. 2023,
doi:10.1093/nar/gkac1000), taxon 83332, CC-BY 4.0 —
165 functional partner(s); context anchor
Rv0476 - Primary literature: none located yet; annotation rests on the domain/homology sources above.
Ancestral MTBC0 protein sequence
>mtbc0_000500|Rv0475|hbhA MAENSNIDDIKAPLLAALGAADLALATVNELITNLRERAEETRTDTRSRVEESRARLTKLQEDLPEQLTELREKFTAEELRKAAEGYLEAATSRYNELVERGEAALERLRSQQSFEEVSARAEGYVDQAVELTQEALGTVASQTRAVGERAAKLVGIELPKKAAPAKKAAPAKKAAPAKKAAAKKAPAKKAAAKKVTQK