topA Resolved · high auto-curated

H37Rv Rv3646c · MTBC0 mtbc0_003863 · 934 aa · 4108158–4110962 (-) · RefSeq NP_218163.1

Annotation: from legacy to revised

Legacy (H37Rv / Mycobrowser)DNA topoisomerase I
MTBC0 PGAP re-annotationtype I DNA topoisomerase
Revised (this work)Type I DNA topoisomerase. Pfam: Toprim (PF01751.29), Topoisom_bac (PF01131.26), Toprim_C_rpt (PF13368.12).

Auto-curated: this verdict and function were generated by rules from PGAP + Pfam + Foldseek and have not been hand-reviewed.

Curated reference (UniProt)

UniProt P9WG49 SwissProt · reviewed · Evidence at protein level
UniProt nameDNA topoisomerase 1
EC (curated) EC 5.6.2.1
Curated functionReleases the supercoiling and torsional tension of DNA, which is introduced during the DNA replication and transcription, by transiently cleaving and rejoining one strand of the DNA duplex. Introduces a single-strand break via transesterification at a target site in duplex DNA. The scissile phosphodiester is attacked by the catalytic tyrosine of the enzyme, resulting in the formation of a DNA-(5'-phosphotyrosyl)-enzyme intermediate and the expulsion of a 3'-OH DNA strand. The free DNA strand then undergoes passage around the unbroken strand, thus removing DNA supercoils. Finally, in the religa.

Functional vocabulary (eggNOG-mapper, orthology transfer)

COG category L Replication, recombination and repair
Preferred nametopA
eggNOG descriptionReleases the supercoiling and torsional tension of DNA, which is introduced during the DNA replication and transcription, by transiently cleaving and rejoining one strand of the DNA duplex. Introduces a single-strand break via transesterification at a target site in duplex DNA. The scissile phosphodiester is attacked by the catalytic tyrosine of the enzyme, resulting in the formation of a DNA-(5'-phosphotyrosyl)-enzyme intermediate and the expulsion of a 3'-OH DNA strand. The free DNA strand then undergoes passage around the unbroken strand, thus removing DNA supercoils. Finally, in the religation step, the DNA 3'-OH attacks the covalent intermediate to expel the active-site tyrosine and restore the DNA phosphodiester backbone
Orthologous groupCOG0550
EC number EC 5.99.1.2
KEGG orthology K03168
Gene Ontology (54) GO:0000287, GO:0003674, GO:0003824, GO:0003916, GO:0003917, GO:0005488, GO:0005575, GO:0005618, GO:0005622, GO:0005623, GO:0005737, GO:0005829 +42 more

Orthology-based transfer (eggNOG 5.0.2, diamond). EC/KO/GO/CAZy are computed annotations, not manual curation; cross-check against the primary literature before treating a specific reaction as established.

Conservation & selection (intra-MTBC, 145 209 strains)

pN/pS 0.286 · purifying
Polymorphic sites (≥ 0.1% of strains) 11 synonymous, 9 missense, 0 nonsense, 0 frameshift

pN/pS from segregating SNPs (singletons removed) normalised by possible sites. Low pN/pS = purifying selection (a strong signal that a "hypothetical" is a real, constrained gene). A high pN/pS is ambiguous: relaxed constraint or positive selection (drug resistance, antigenic variation) inflate it; e.g. rpoB/katG/pncA score high here for resistance, not loss of function. A clonal disruption (one allele over a clade) suggests lineage pseudogenisation; a convergent one (many independent alleles) is typical of resistance loss-of-function.

Domains (Pfam, hmmscan --cut_ga)

PfamAccessioni-EvalueResiduesDescription
ToprimPF01751.29 1.6e-2020–141 Toprim domain
Topoisom_bacPF01131.26 3.5e-112156–603 DNA topoisomerase
Toprim_C_rptPF13368.12 3.7e-23860–914 Topoisomerase C-terminal repeat

Functional interaction network (STRING v12, guilt-by-association)

Closest characterised functional partner: cspA (cold shock protein A), high confidence from genomic context alone (score 709 excluding text-mining).

PartnerProductScoreNo text-miningChannels (≥400)
Rv2529 hyp hypothetical protein 964 953 experimental:883 database:615
Rv1278 hyp hypothetical protein 895 879 database:654
Rv2737c recA recombinase A 954 844 experimental:446 database:635 textmining:720
Rv1629 polA DNA polymerase I 962 809 database:605 textmining:811
Rv1277 hyp hypothetical protein 846 784 database:654
Rv2090 5'-3' exonuclease 821 749 database:605
Rv1329c dinG ATP-dependent helicase DinG 835 723 database:639 textmining:429
Rv3647c hyp hypothetical protein 715 715 ctx neighborhood:711
Rv3648c cspA cold shock protein A 719 709 ctx neighborhood:656
Rv0002 dnaN DNA polymerase III subunit beta 834 694 database:588 textmining:481
Rv3859c gltB glutamate synthase large subunit 780 690 coexpression:649
Rv2478c hyp hypothetical protein 738 657 coexpression:515
Rv2116 lppK lipoprotein LppK 787 652 database:588 textmining:415
Rv2380c mbtE peptide synthetase 626 612 database:511
Rv1407 fmu 16S rRNA m5C967 methyltransferase 723 611 ctx neighborhood:544

STRING combines evidence channels (neighborhood, fusion, cooccurrence, coexpression, experimental, database, text-mining) into a 0–1000 score. The ctx badge marks edges carried by the genomic-context channels (conserved neighborhood, fusion, phylogenetic co-occurrence), which are independent of orthology and structure and the strongest signal for an unknown gene. The no text-mining column recomputes the score from data alone, so a link that does not depend on the literature is visible. Association is a function hypothesis, not proof: corroborate with the operon context and the primary literature before assigning a function.

Evidence

  • Legacy H37Rv annotation: DNA topoisomerase I
  • MTBC0 PGAP product: type I DNA topoisomerase
  • Pfam (hmmscan --cut_ga): Toprim PF01751.29 (E=2e-20), Topoisom_bac PF01131.26 (E=3e-112), Toprim_C_rpt PF13368.12 (E=4e-23)
  • (auto-curated by rules from PGAP + Pfam + Foldseek; not hand-reviewed)

Sources

  • Ancestral sequence & coordinates: Harrison LB et al. (2024), An imputed ancestral reference genome for the MTBC, doi:10.1101/2023.09.07.556366
  • Product annotation: NCBI PGAP on MTBC0; legacy from H37Rv NC_000962.3 (RefSeq NP_218163.1)
  • Domains: Pfam-A via hmmscan --cut_ga — Toprim (PF01751.29), Topoisom_bac (PF01131.26), Toprim_C_rpt (PF13368.12)
  • Sequence-level signal: ESM Atlas (EvolutionaryScale × BioHub) — exploratory
  • Controlled vocabulary: eggNOG-mapper 2.1.12 (Cantalapiedra et al. 2021, doi:10.1093/molbev/msab293), eggNOG 5.0 DB (Huerta-Cepas et al. 2019) — OG COG0550
  • Curated reference: UniProt P9WG49 (SwissProt, reviewed; Evidence at protein level)
  • Intra-MTBC selection: pN/pS and disruption from SPDI variants of 145 209 MTBC strains (this work, local collection vs H37Rv NC_000962.3)
  • Interaction network: STRING v12.0 (Szklarczyk et al. 2023, doi:10.1093/nar/gkac1000), taxon 83332, CC-BY 4.0 — 205 functional partner(s); context anchor cspA
  • Primary literature: none located yet; annotation rests on the domain/homology sources above.

Ancestral MTBC0 protein sequence

>mtbc0_003863|Rv3646c|topA
MADPKTKGRGSGGNGSGRRLVIVESPTKARKLASYLGSGYIVESSRGHIRDLPRAASDVPAKYKSQPWARLGVNVDADFEPLYIISPEKRSTVSELRGLLKDVDELYLATDGDREGEAIAWHLLETLKPRIPVKRMVFHEITEPAIRAAAEHPRDLDIDLVDAQETRRILDRLYGYEVSPVLWKKVAPKLSAGRVQSVATRIIVARERDRMAFRSAAYWDILAKLDASVSDPDAAPPTFSARLTAVAGRRVATGRDFDSLGTLRKGDEVIVLDEGSATALAAGLDGTQLTVASAEEKPYARRPYPPFMTSTLQQEASRKLRFSAERTMSIAQRLYENGYITYMRTDSTTLSESAINAARTQARQLYGDEYVAPAPRQYTRKVKNAQEAHEAIRPAGETFATPDAVRRELDGPNIDDFRLYELIWQRTVASQMADARGMTLSLRITGMSGHQEVVFSATGRTLTFPGFLKAYVETVDELVGGEADDAERRLPHLTPGQRLDIVELTPDGHATNPPARYTEASLVKALEELGIGRPSTYSSIIKTIQDRGYVHKKGSALVPSWVAFAVTGLLEQHFGRLVDYDFTAAMEDELDEIAAGNERRTNWLNNFYFGGDHGVPDSVARSGGLKKLVGINLEGIDAREVNSIKLFDDTHGRPIYVRVGKNGPYLERLVAGDTGEPTPQRANLSDSITPDELTLQVAEELFATPQQGRTLGLDPETGHEIVAREGRFGPYVTEILPEPAADAAAAAQGVKKRQKAAGPKPRTGSLLRSMDLQTVTLEDALRLLSLPRVVGVDPASGEEITAQNGRYGPYLKRGNDSRSLVTEDQIFTITLDEALKIYAEPKRRGRQSASAPPLRELGTDPASGKPMVIKDGRFGPYVTDGETNASLRKGDDVASITDERAAELLADRRARGPAKRPARKAARKVPAKKAAKRD