PE15 Family assigned · medium auto-curated

H37Rv Rv1386 · MTBC0 - · 102 aa · 1561464–1561772 (+) · RefSeq YP_177805.1

Annotation: from legacy to revised

Legacy (H37Rv / Mycobrowser)PE family protein PE15
MTBC0 PGAP re-annotation
Revised (this work)PE family protein PE15. Pfam: PE (PF00934.26).

Auto-curated: this verdict and function were generated by rules from PGAP + Pfam + Foldseek and have not been hand-reviewed.

Annotated on the H37Rv protein: this gene has no 1:1 ancestral MTBC0 anchor (PE/PPE, paralogue, IS element, or otherwise unanchored CDS).

Curated reference (UniProt)

UniProt P9WIH1 SwissProt · reviewed · Evidence at protein level
UniProt namePE family immunomodulator PE15
Curated functionMay play a pivotal role in the evasion of host immune response by M.tuberculosis. Mediates production of IL-10 via activation of the p38 and ERK1/2 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathways.

Functional vocabulary (eggNOG-mapper, orthology transfer)

COG category S Function unknown
eggNOG descriptionPE family
Orthologous group2B7DA
Gene Ontology (2) GO:0005575, GO:0005576

Orthology-based transfer (eggNOG 5.0.2, diamond). EC/KO/GO/CAZy are computed annotations, not manual curation; cross-check against the primary literature before treating a specific reaction as established.

Conservation & selection (intra-MTBC, 145 209 strains)

pN/pS n/a
Polymorphic sites (≥ 0.1% of strains) 0 synonymous, 2 missense, 0 nonsense, 2 frameshift
Disruption 2 distinct premature-stop/frameshift site(s); most common in 0.15% of strains (219) · clonal

pN/pS from segregating SNPs (singletons removed) normalised by possible sites. Low pN/pS = purifying selection (a strong signal that a "hypothetical" is a real, constrained gene). A high pN/pS is ambiguous: relaxed constraint or positive selection (drug resistance, antigenic variation) inflate it; e.g. rpoB/katG/pncA score high here for resistance, not loss of function. A clonal disruption (one allele over a clade) suggests lineage pseudogenisation; a convergent one (many independent alleles) is typical of resistance loss-of-function.

Domains (Pfam, hmmscan --cut_ga)

PfamAccessioni-EvalueResiduesDescription
PEPF00934.26 3.5e-203–91 PE family

Functional interaction network (STRING v12, guilt-by-association)

Closest characterised functional partner: PPE20 (PPE family protein PPE20), high confidence from genomic context alone (score 818 excluding text-mining).

PartnerProductScoreNo text-miningChannels (≥400)
Rv1387 PPE20 PPE family protein PPE20 961 818 ctx neighborhood:818 textmining:795
Rv1385 pyrF orotidine 5'-phosphate decarboxylase 477 477 ctx neighborhood:477
Rv1382 hyp hypothetical protein 464 465 ctx neighborhood:465
Rv1384 carB carbamoyl-phosphate synthase large subunit 464 465 ctx neighborhood:465
Rv1379 pyrR bifunctional pyrimidine operon regulatory protein/uracil phosphoribosyltransferase 464 465 ctx neighborhood:465
Rv1383 carA carbamoyl-phosphate synthase small subunit 464 465 ctx neighborhood:465
Rv1380 pyrB aspartate carbamoyltransferase 464 465 ctx neighborhood:465
Rv1381 pyrC dihydroorotase 464 465 ctx neighborhood:465
Rv1388 mihF integration host factor MihF 404 404 ctx neighborhood:404
Rv0096 PPE1 PPE family protein PPE1 775 62 textmining:771
Rv0286 PPE4 PPE family protein PPE4 706 46 textmining:705
Rv2123 PPE37 PPE family protein PPE37 437 46 textmining:434
Rv0256c PPE2 PPE family protein PPE2 851 41 textmining:852
Rv2108 PPE36 PPE family protein PPE36 681 41 textmining:682
Rv2219A membrane protein 630 41 textmining:630

STRING combines evidence channels (neighborhood, fusion, cooccurrence, coexpression, experimental, database, text-mining) into a 0–1000 score. The ctx badge marks edges carried by the genomic-context channels (conserved neighborhood, fusion, phylogenetic co-occurrence), which are independent of orthology and structure and the strongest signal for an unknown gene. The no text-mining column recomputes the score from data alone, so a link that does not depend on the literature is visible. Association is a function hypothesis, not proof: corroborate with the operon context and the primary literature before assigning a function.

Evidence

  • Annotation from H37Rv (no MTBC0 1:1 anchor; H37Rv protein used): PE family protein PE15
  • Pfam (hmmscan --cut_ga): PE PF00934.26 (E=4e-20)
  • (auto-curated by rules from PGAP + Pfam + Foldseek; not hand-reviewed)

Sources

  • Ancestral sequence & coordinates: Harrison LB et al. (2024), An imputed ancestral reference genome for the MTBC, doi:10.1101/2023.09.07.556366
  • Product annotation: NCBI PGAP on MTBC0; legacy from H37Rv NC_000962.3 (RefSeq YP_177805.1)
  • Domains: Pfam-A via hmmscan --cut_ga — PE (PF00934.26)
  • Sequence-level signal: ESM Atlas (EvolutionaryScale × BioHub) — exploratory
  • Controlled vocabulary: eggNOG-mapper 2.1.12 (Cantalapiedra et al. 2021, doi:10.1093/molbev/msab293), eggNOG 5.0 DB (Huerta-Cepas et al. 2019) — OG 2B7DA
  • Curated reference: UniProt P9WIH1 (SwissProt, reviewed; Evidence at protein level)
  • Intra-MTBC selection: pN/pS and disruption from SPDI variants of 145 209 MTBC strains (this work, local collection vs H37Rv NC_000962.3)
  • Interaction network: STRING v12.0 (Szklarczyk et al. 2023, doi:10.1093/nar/gkac1000), taxon 83332, CC-BY 4.0 — 25 functional partner(s); context anchor PPE20
  • Primary literature: none located yet; annotation rests on the domain/homology sources above.

Ancestral MTBC0 protein sequence

>H37Rv|Rv1386|PE15
MTLRVVPESLAGASAAIEAVTARLAAAHAAAAPFIAAVIPPGSDSVSVCNAVEFSVHGSQHVAMAAQGVEELGRSGVGVAESGASYAARDALAAASYLSGGL