rho Resolved · high auto-curated

H37Rv Rv1297 · MTBC0 mtbc0_001389 · 602 aa · 1462243–1464051 (+) · RefSeq NP_215813.1

Annotation: from legacy to revised

Legacy (H37Rv / Mycobrowser)transcription termination factor Rho
MTBC0 PGAP re-annotationtranscription termination factor Rho
Revised (this work)Transcription termination factor Rho. Pfam: Rho_N (PF07498.19), Rho_RNA_bind (PF07497.19), ATP-synt_ab (PF00006.32).

Auto-curated: this verdict and function were generated by rules from PGAP + Pfam + Foldseek and have not been hand-reviewed.

Curated reference (UniProt)

UniProt P9WHF3 SwissProt · reviewed · Evidence at protein level
UniProt nameTranscription termination factor Rho
EC (curated) EC 3.6.4.-
Curated functionFacilitates transcription termination by a mechanism that involves Rho binding to the nascent RNA, activation of Rho's RNA-dependent ATPase activity, and release of the mRNA from the DNA template. Shows poor RNA-dependent ATP hydrolysis and inefficient DNA-RNA unwinding activities, but exhibits robust and fast transcription termination, which suggests that the transcription termination function of M.tuberculosis Rho is not correlated with its helicase/translocase activities and that these functions may not be important for its RNA release process.

Functional vocabulary (eggNOG-mapper, orthology transfer)

COG category K Transcription
Preferred namerho
eggNOG descriptionFacilitates transcription termination by a mechanism that involves Rho binding to the nascent RNA, activation of Rho's RNA-dependent ATPase activity, and release of the mRNA from the DNA template
Orthologous groupCOG1158
KEGG orthology K03628
KEGG pathways map03018
Gene Ontology (42) GO:0005575, GO:0005618, GO:0005623, GO:0005886, GO:0006139, GO:0006351, GO:0006353, GO:0006360, GO:0006363, GO:0006725, GO:0006807, GO:0008150 +30 more

Orthology-based transfer (eggNOG 5.0.2, diamond). EC/KO/GO/CAZy are computed annotations, not manual curation; cross-check against the primary literature before treating a specific reaction as established.

Conservation & selection (intra-MTBC, 145 209 strains)

pN/pS 0.461 · purifying
Polymorphic sites (≥ 0.1% of strains) 3 synonymous, 4 missense, 0 nonsense, 0 frameshift

pN/pS from segregating SNPs (singletons removed) normalised by possible sites. Low pN/pS = purifying selection (a strong signal that a "hypothetical" is a real, constrained gene). A high pN/pS is ambiguous: relaxed constraint or positive selection (drug resistance, antigenic variation) inflate it; e.g. rpoB/katG/pncA score high here for resistance, not loss of function. A clonal disruption (one allele over a clade) suggests lineage pseudogenisation; a convergent one (many independent alleles) is typical of resistance loss-of-function.

Domains (Pfam, hmmscan --cut_ga)

PfamAccessioni-EvalueResiduesDescription
Rho_NPF07498.19 4.4e-1037–71 Rho termination factor, N-terminal domain
Rho_RNA_bindPF07497.19 4.6e-24226–303 Rho termination factor, RNA-binding domain
ATP-synt_abPF00006.32 1.0e-28334–538 ATP synthase alpha/beta family, nucleotide-binding domain

Functional interaction network (STRING v12, guilt-by-association)

Closest characterised functional partner: rpmE (50S ribosomal protein L31), high confidence from genomic context alone (score 935 excluding text-mining).

PartnerProductScoreNo text-miningChannels (≥400)
Rv3457c rpoA DNA-directed RNA polymerase subunit alpha 969 957 coexpression:784 experimental:793
Rv1298 rpmE 50S ribosomal protein L31 943 935 ctx neighborhood:750 coexpression:750
Rv2783c gpsI bifunctional guanosine pentaphosphate synthetase/polyribonucleotide nucleotidyltransferase 967 928 coexpression:916 textmining:568
Rv3921c yidC membrane protein insertase YidC 933 926 coexpression:922
Rv0667 rpoB DNA-directed RNA polymerase subunit beta 932 912 coexpression:595 experimental:792
Rv0668 rpoC DNA-directed RNA polymerase subunit beta' 926 904 coexpression:472 experimental:790
Rv2841c nusA transcription termination/antitermination protein NusA 924 903 coexpression:428 experimental:836
Rv0639 nusG transcription termination/antitermination protein NusG 972 901 coexpression:502 experimental:810 textmining:730
Rv1630 rpsA 30S ribosomal protein S1 895 881 coexpression:836
Rv1299 prfA peptide chain release factor PrfA 896 876 ctx neighborhood:649 coexpression:661
Rv3923c rnpA ribonuclease P protein component 902 873 coexpression:869
Rv3922c yidD membrane protein insertion efficiency factor 857 857 coexpression:825
Rv0701 rplC 50S ribosomal protein L3 842 843 coexpression:838
Rv0684 fusA1 elongation factor G 852 838 coexpression:838
Rv1870c hyp hypothetical protein 820 821 coexpression:796

STRING combines evidence channels (neighborhood, fusion, cooccurrence, coexpression, experimental, database, text-mining) into a 0–1000 score. The ctx badge marks edges carried by the genomic-context channels (conserved neighborhood, fusion, phylogenetic co-occurrence), which are independent of orthology and structure and the strongest signal for an unknown gene. The no text-mining column recomputes the score from data alone, so a link that does not depend on the literature is visible. Association is a function hypothesis, not proof: corroborate with the operon context and the primary literature before assigning a function.

Evidence

  • Legacy H37Rv annotation: transcription termination factor Rho
  • MTBC0 PGAP product: transcription termination factor Rho
  • Pfam (hmmscan --cut_ga): Rho_N PF07498.19 (E=4e-10), Rho_RNA_bind PF07497.19 (E=5e-24), ATP-synt_ab PF00006.32 (E=1e-28)
  • (auto-curated by rules from PGAP + Pfam + Foldseek; not hand-reviewed)

Sources

  • Ancestral sequence & coordinates: Harrison LB et al. (2024), An imputed ancestral reference genome for the MTBC, doi:10.1101/2023.09.07.556366
  • Product annotation: NCBI PGAP on MTBC0; legacy from H37Rv NC_000962.3 (RefSeq NP_215813.1)
  • Domains: Pfam-A via hmmscan --cut_ga — Rho_N (PF07498.19), Rho_RNA_bind (PF07497.19), ATP-synt_ab (PF00006.32)
  • Sequence-level signal: ESM Atlas (EvolutionaryScale × BioHub) — exploratory
  • Controlled vocabulary: eggNOG-mapper 2.1.12 (Cantalapiedra et al. 2021, doi:10.1093/molbev/msab293), eggNOG 5.0 DB (Huerta-Cepas et al. 2019) — OG COG1158
  • Curated reference: UniProt P9WHF3 (SwissProt, reviewed; Evidence at protein level)
  • Intra-MTBC selection: pN/pS and disruption from SPDI variants of 145 209 MTBC strains (this work, local collection vs H37Rv NC_000962.3)
  • Interaction network: STRING v12.0 (Szklarczyk et al. 2023, doi:10.1093/nar/gkac1000), taxon 83332, CC-BY 4.0 — 120 functional partner(s); context anchor rpmE
  • Primary literature: none located yet; annotation rests on the domain/homology sources above.

Ancestral MTBC0 protein sequence

>mtbc0_001389|Rv1297|rho
MTDTDLITAGESTDGKPSDAAATDPPDLNADEPAGSLATMVLPELRALANRAGVKGTSGMRKNELIAAIEEIRRQANGAPAVDRSAQEHDKGDRPPSSEAPATQGEQTPTEQIDSQSQQVRPERRSATREAGPSGSGERAGTAADDTDNRQGGQQDAKTEERGTDAGGDQGGDQQASGGQQARGDEDGEARQGRRGRRFRDRRRRGERSGDGAEAELREDDVVQPVAGILDVLDNYAFVRTSGYLPGPHDVYVSMNMVRKNGMRRGDAVTGAVRVPKEGEQPNQRQKFNPLVRLDSINGGSVEDAKKRPEFGKLTPLYPNQRLRLETSTERLTTRVIDLIMPIGKGQRALIVSPPKAGKTTILQDIANAITRNNPECHLMVVLVDERPEEVTDMQRSVKGEVIASTFDRPPSDHTSVAELAIERAKRLVEQGKDVVVLLDSITRLGRAYNNASPASGRILSGGVDSTALYPPKRFLGAARNIEEGGSLTIIATAMVETGSTGDTVIFEEFKGTGNAELKLDRKIAERRVFPAVDVNPSGTRKDELLLSPDEFAIVHKLRRVLSGLDSHQAIDLLMSQLRKTKNNYEFLVQVSKTTPGSMDSD