spmT Resolved · high auto-curated

H37Rv Rv0888 · MTBC0 mtbc0_000943 · 490 aa · 990447–991919 (+) · RefSeq NP_215403.1

Annotation: from legacy to revised

Legacy (H37Rv / Mycobrowser)hypothetical protein
MTBC0 PGAP re-annotationsphingomyelinase
Revised (this work)Sphingomyelinase. Pfam: Big_9 (PF17963.8), Exo_endo_phos (PF03372.30).

Auto-curated: this verdict and function were generated by rules from PGAP + Pfam + Foldseek and have not been hand-reviewed.

Curated reference (UniProt)

UniProt P9WKQ1 SwissProt · reviewed · Evidence at protein level
UniProt nameSphingomyelinase
EC (curated) EC 3.1.4.12
Curated functionCatalyzes the cleavage of sphingomyelin, a major lipid in eukaryotic cells, into ceramide and phosphocholine, which are then utilized by M.tuberculosis as carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus sources, respectively. Thus, enables M.tuberculosis to utilize sphingomyelin as a source of several essential nutrients for intracellular growth during infection. Furthermore, lyses erythrocytes and constitutes the main hemolytic factor of M.tuberculosis.

Functional vocabulary (eggNOG-mapper, orthology transfer)

COG category S Function unknown
eggNOG descriptionEndonuclease/Exonuclease/phosphatase family
Orthologous groupCOG3021
Gene Ontology (75) GO:0001906, GO:0003674, GO:0003824, GO:0004620, GO:0004767, GO:0005215, GO:0005575, GO:0005623, GO:0006629, GO:0006643, GO:0006644, GO:0006665 +63 more

Orthology-based transfer (eggNOG 5.0.2, diamond). EC/KO/GO/CAZy are computed annotations, not manual curation; cross-check against the primary literature before treating a specific reaction as established.

Conservation & selection (intra-MTBC, 145 209 strains)

pN/pS 0.813 · relaxed/neutral
Polymorphic sites (≥ 0.1% of strains) 4 synonymous, 10 missense, 0 nonsense, 6 frameshift
Disruption 6 distinct premature-stop/frameshift site(s); most common in 21.21% of strains (30806) · convergent

pN/pS from segregating SNPs (singletons removed) normalised by possible sites. Low pN/pS = purifying selection (a strong signal that a "hypothetical" is a real, constrained gene). A high pN/pS is ambiguous: relaxed constraint or positive selection (drug resistance, antigenic variation) inflate it; e.g. rpoB/katG/pncA score high here for resistance, not loss of function. A clonal disruption (one allele over a clade) suggests lineage pseudogenisation; a convergent one (many independent alleles) is typical of resistance loss-of-function.

Domains (Pfam, hmmscan --cut_ga)

PfamAccessioni-EvalueResiduesDescription
Big_9PF17963.8 1.5e-11104–187 Bacterial Ig domain
Exo_endo_phosPF03372.30 9.0e-10335–473 Endonuclease/Exonuclease/phosphatase family

Functional interaction network (STRING v12, guilt-by-association)

Closest characterised functional partner: celA2b (Rv1090, (MTV017.43), len: 151 aa. Probable celA2b,second part of cellulase (endoglucanase), similar to C-terminus of others e.g. O08468 cell), medium confidence from genomic context alone (score 687 excluding text-mining). This association is the citable seed of a function hypothesis for this hypothetical protein.

PartnerProductScoreNo text-miningChannels (≥400)
Rv1469 ctpD cobalt/nickel-exporting P-type ATPase 799 800 coexpression:799
Rv0312 hyp hypothetical protein 792 788 coexpression:734
Rv3700c egtE pyridoxal-phosphate-dependent protein EgtE 783 784 experimental:780
Rv3778c aminotransferase 783 783 experimental:780
Rv1464 csd cysteine desulfurase 781 781 experimental:780
Rv3403c hyp hypothetical protein 764 765 ctx cooccurence:599 coexpression:438
Rv1754c hyp hypothetical protein 764 733 coexpression:732
Rv0040c mtc28 hyp hypothetical protein 703 703 coexpression:703
Rv3903c cpnT hyp hypothetical protein 823 692 database:540 textmining:450
Rv1090 celA2b Rv1090, (MTV017.43), len: 151 aa. Probable celA2b,second part of cellulase (endoglucanase), similar to C-terminus of others e.g. O08468 cell 687 687 ctx cooccurence:685
Rv1690 lprJ lipoprotein LprJ 687 687 coexpression:687
Rv1004c membrane protein 679 680 ctx cooccurence:660
Rv1651c PE_PGRS30 PE-PGRS family protein PE_PGRS30 659 650 ctx cooccurence:650
Rv0330c hyp hypothetical protein 648 648 ctx cooccurence:645
Rv3347c PPE55 PPE family protein PPE55 641 641 ctx cooccurence:639

STRING combines evidence channels (neighborhood, fusion, cooccurrence, coexpression, experimental, database, text-mining) into a 0–1000 score. The ctx badge marks edges carried by the genomic-context channels (conserved neighborhood, fusion, phylogenetic co-occurrence), which are independent of orthology and structure and the strongest signal for an unknown gene. The no text-mining column recomputes the score from data alone, so a link that does not depend on the literature is visible. Association is a function hypothesis, not proof: corroborate with the operon context and the primary literature before assigning a function.

Evidence

  • Legacy H37Rv annotation: hypothetical protein
  • MTBC0 PGAP product: sphingomyelinase
  • Pfam (hmmscan --cut_ga): Big_9 PF17963.8 (E=1e-11), Exo_endo_phos PF03372.30 (E=9e-10)
  • (auto-curated by rules from PGAP + Pfam + Foldseek; not hand-reviewed)

Sources

  • Ancestral sequence & coordinates: Harrison LB et al. (2024), An imputed ancestral reference genome for the MTBC, doi:10.1101/2023.09.07.556366
  • Product annotation: NCBI PGAP on MTBC0; legacy from H37Rv NC_000962.3 (RefSeq NP_215403.1)
  • Domains: Pfam-A via hmmscan --cut_ga — Big_9 (PF17963.8), Exo_endo_phos (PF03372.30)
  • Sequence-level signal: ESM Atlas (EvolutionaryScale × BioHub) — exploratory
  • Controlled vocabulary: eggNOG-mapper 2.1.12 (Cantalapiedra et al. 2021, doi:10.1093/molbev/msab293), eggNOG 5.0 DB (Huerta-Cepas et al. 2019) — OG COG3021
  • Curated reference: UniProt P9WKQ1 (SwissProt, reviewed; Evidence at protein level)
  • Intra-MTBC selection: pN/pS and disruption from SPDI variants of 145 209 MTBC strains (this work, local collection vs H37Rv NC_000962.3)
  • Interaction network: STRING v12.0 (Szklarczyk et al. 2023, doi:10.1093/nar/gkac1000), taxon 83332, CC-BY 4.0 — 80 functional partner(s); context anchor celA2b
  • Primary literature: none located yet; annotation rests on the domain/homology sources above.

Ancestral MTBC0 protein sequence

>mtbc0_000943|Rv0888|spmT
MDYAKRIGQVGALAVVLGVGAAVTTHAIGSAAPTDPSSSSTDSPVDACSPLGGSASSLAAIPGASVPQVGVRQVDPGSIPDDLLNALIDFLAAVRNGLVPIIENRTPVANPQQVSVPEGGTVGPVRFDACDPDGNRMTFAVRERGAPGGPQHGIVTVDQRTASFIYTADPGFVGTDTFSVNVSDDTSLHVHGLAGYLGPFHGHDDVATVTVFVGNTPTDTISGDFSMLTYNIAGLPFPLSSAILPRFFYTKEIGKRLNAYYVANVQEDFAYHQFLIKKSKMPSQTPPEPPTLLWPIGVPFSDGLNTLSEFKVQRLDRQTWYECTSDNCLTLKGFTYSQMRLPGGDTVDVYNLHTNTGGGPTTNANLAQVANYIQQNSAGRAVIVTGDFNARYSDDQSALLQFAQVNGLTDAWVQVEHGPTTPPFAPTCMVGNECELLDKIFYRSGQGVTLQAVSYGNEAPKFFNSKGEPLSDHSPAVVGFHYVADNVAVR