menJ Resolved · high auto-curated

H37Rv Rv0561c · MTBC0 mtbc0_000590 · 408 aa · 655080–656306 (-) · RefSeq NP_215075.1

Annotation: from legacy to revised

Legacy (H37Rv / Mycobrowser)oxidoreductase
MTBC0 PGAP re-annotationmenaquinone reductase
Revised (this work)Menaquinone reductase. Pfam: FAD_binding_3 (PF01494.26), Pyr_redox_2 (PF07992.21), Lycopene_cycl (PF05834.19), FAD_oxidored (PF12831.14), FAD_binding_2 (PF00890.31), GIDA (PF01134.29), NAD_binding_8 (PF13450.13).

Auto-curated: this verdict and function were generated by rules from PGAP + Pfam + Foldseek and have not been hand-reviewed.

Curated reference (UniProt)

UniProt P9WNY9 SwissProt · reviewed · Evidence at protein level
UniProt nameMenaquinone reductase
EC (curated) EC 1.3.99.38
Curated functionCatalyzes the reduction of a single double bond in the isoprenoid tail of menaquinone (MK-9) in M.tuberculosis, likely the beta-isoprene unit, forming the predominant form of menaquinone found in mycobacteria, MK-9(II-H2). Is required for M.tuberculosis survival in host macrophages.

Functional vocabulary (eggNOG-mapper, orthology transfer)

COG category C Energy production and conversion
Preferred namemenJ
eggNOG descriptiongeranylgeranyl reductase
Orthologous groupCOG0644
EC number EC 1.3.99.38
KEGG orthology K21401
Gene Ontology (31) GO:0003674, GO:0003824, GO:0005575, GO:0005618, GO:0005623, GO:0006732, GO:0008150, GO:0008152, GO:0009058, GO:0009108, GO:0009233, GO:0009234 +19 more

Orthology-based transfer (eggNOG 5.0.2, diamond). EC/KO/GO/CAZy are computed annotations, not manual curation; cross-check against the primary literature before treating a specific reaction as established.

Conservation & selection (intra-MTBC, 145 209 strains)

pN/pS 0.285 · purifying
Polymorphic sites (≥ 0.1% of strains) 4 synonymous, 3 missense, 0 nonsense, 0 frameshift

pN/pS from segregating SNPs (singletons removed) normalised by possible sites. Low pN/pS = purifying selection (a strong signal that a "hypothetical" is a real, constrained gene). A high pN/pS is ambiguous: relaxed constraint or positive selection (drug resistance, antigenic variation) inflate it; e.g. rpoB/katG/pncA score high here for resistance, not loss of function. A clonal disruption (one allele over a clade) suggests lineage pseudogenisation; a convergent one (many independent alleles) is typical of resistance loss-of-function.

Domains (Pfam, hmmscan --cut_ga)

PfamAccessioni-EvalueResiduesDescription
FAD_binding_3PF01494.26 2.7e-157–181 FAD binding domain
Pyr_redox_2PF07992.21 4.0e-108–162 Pyridine nucleotide-disulphide oxidoreductase
Lycopene_cyclPF05834.19 2.2e-088–300 Lycopene cyclase protein
FAD_oxidoredPF12831.14 3.2e-078–144 FAD dependent oxidoreductase
FAD_binding_2PF00890.31 4.2e-058–37 FAD binding domain
GIDAPF01134.29 8.3e-058–36 Glucose inhibited division protein A
NAD_binding_8PF13450.13 4.4e-0511–39 NAD(P)-binding Rossmann-like domain

Functional interaction network (STRING v12, guilt-by-association)

Closest characterised functional partner: Rv0560c (benzoquinone methyltransferase), high confidence from genomic context alone (score 745 excluding text-mining).

PartnerProductScoreNo text-miningChannels (≥400)
Rv3029c fixA electron transfer flavoprotein subunit beta 779 750 experimental:652
Rv0560c benzoquinone methyltransferase 901 745 ctx neighborhood:707 textmining:630
Rv0562 grcC1 polyprenyl-diphosphate synthase GrcC 751 736 ctx neighborhood:620
Rv0563 htpX protease HtpX 715 715 ctx neighborhood:714
Rv0559c hyp hypothetical protein 849 684 ctx neighborhood:684 textmining:543
Rv3028c fixB electron transfer flavoprotein subunit alpha 632 583 experimental:446
Rv2062c cobN cobalamin biosynthesis protein CobN 516 452 coexpression:434
Rv3806c ubiA decaprenyl-phosphate phosphoribosyltransferase 501 434
Rv2850c magnesium chelatase 584 427 coexpression:408
Rv0989c grcC2 polyprenyl-diphosphate synthase GrcC 446 413
Rv0958 magnesium chelatase 412 357
Rv3397c phyA phytoene synthase 417 339
Rv2110c prcB proteasome subunit beta 512 241
Rv2109c prcA proteasome subunit alpha 589 239 textmining:483
Rv0534c menA 1,4-dihydroxy-2-naphthoate octaprenyltransferase 708 186 textmining:656

STRING combines evidence channels (neighborhood, fusion, cooccurrence, coexpression, experimental, database, text-mining) into a 0–1000 score. The ctx badge marks edges carried by the genomic-context channels (conserved neighborhood, fusion, phylogenetic co-occurrence), which are independent of orthology and structure and the strongest signal for an unknown gene. The no text-mining column recomputes the score from data alone, so a link that does not depend on the literature is visible. Association is a function hypothesis, not proof: corroborate with the operon context and the primary literature before assigning a function.

Evidence

  • Legacy H37Rv annotation: oxidoreductase
  • MTBC0 PGAP product: menaquinone reductase
  • Pfam (hmmscan --cut_ga): FAD_binding_3 PF01494.26 (E=3e-15), Pyr_redox_2 PF07992.21 (E=4e-10), Lycopene_cycl PF05834.19 (E=2e-08), FAD_oxidored PF12831.14 (E=3e-07), FAD_binding_2 PF00890.31 (E=4e-05), GIDA PF01134.29 (E=8e-05), NAD_binding_8 PF13450.13 (E=4e-05)
  • (auto-curated by rules from PGAP + Pfam + Foldseek; not hand-reviewed)

Sources

  • Ancestral sequence & coordinates: Harrison LB et al. (2024), An imputed ancestral reference genome for the MTBC, doi:10.1101/2023.09.07.556366
  • Product annotation: NCBI PGAP on MTBC0; legacy from H37Rv NC_000962.3 (RefSeq NP_215075.1)
  • Domains: Pfam-A via hmmscan --cut_ga — FAD_binding_3 (PF01494.26), Pyr_redox_2 (PF07992.21), Lycopene_cycl (PF05834.19), FAD_oxidored (PF12831.14), FAD_binding_2 (PF00890.31), GIDA (PF01134.29), NAD_binding_8 (PF13450.13)
  • Sequence-level signal: ESM Atlas (EvolutionaryScale × BioHub) — exploratory
  • Controlled vocabulary: eggNOG-mapper 2.1.12 (Cantalapiedra et al. 2021, doi:10.1093/molbev/msab293), eggNOG 5.0 DB (Huerta-Cepas et al. 2019) — OG COG0644
  • Curated reference: UniProt P9WNY9 (SwissProt, reviewed; Evidence at protein level)
  • Intra-MTBC selection: pN/pS and disruption from SPDI variants of 145 209 MTBC strains (this work, local collection vs H37Rv NC_000962.3)
  • Interaction network: STRING v12.0 (Szklarczyk et al. 2023, doi:10.1093/nar/gkac1000), taxon 83332, CC-BY 4.0 — 23 functional partner(s); context anchor Rv0560c
  • Primary literature: none located yet; annotation rests on the domain/homology sources above.

Ancestral MTBC0 protein sequence

>mtbc0_000590|Rv0561c|menJ
MSVDDSADVVVVGAGPAGSAAAAWAARAGRDVLVIDTATFPRDKPCGDGLTPRAVAELHQLGLGKWLADHIRHRGLRMSGFGGEVEVDWPGPSFPSYGSAVARLELDDRIRKVAEDTGARMLLGAKAVAVHHDSSRRVVSLTLADGTEVGCRQLIVADGARSPLGRKLGRRWHRETVYGVAVRGYLSTAYSDDPWLTSHLELRSPDGAVLPGYGWIFPLGNGEVNIGVGALSTSRRPADLALRPLISYYTDLRRDEWGFTGQPRAVSSALLPMGGAVSGVAGSNWMLIGDAAACVNPLNGEGIDYGLETGRLAAELLDSRDLARLWPSLLADRYGRGFSVARRLALLLTFPRFLPTTGPITMRSTALMNIAVRVMSNLVTDDDRDWVARVWRGGGQLSRLVDRRPPFS