PPE60 Family assigned · medium auto-curated

H37Rv Rv3478 · MTBC0 - · 393 aa · 3894426–3895607 (+) · RefSeq YP_177976.1

Annotation: from legacy to revised

Legacy (H37Rv / Mycobrowser)PE family protein PPE60
MTBC0 PGAP re-annotation
Revised (this work)PE family protein PPE60. Pfam: PPE (PF00823.26), PPE-SVP (PF12484.14).

Auto-curated: this verdict and function were generated by rules from PGAP + Pfam + Foldseek and have not been hand-reviewed.

Annotated on the H37Rv protein: this gene has no 1:1 ancestral MTBC0 anchor (PE/PPE, paralogue, IS element, or otherwise unanchored CDS).

Curated reference (UniProt)

UniProt Q6MWX1 SwissProt · reviewed · Evidence at protein level
UniProt namePPE family protein PPE60
Curated functionCell wall-associated antigen that interacts with host Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2) and induces maturation and activation of dendritic cell (DC) via the MAPK and NF-kappa-B pathways. PPE60-stimulated dendritic cells promote the differentiation of the T-helper Th1 and Th17 cells. PPE60-induced activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome is required for this activity. PPE60 enhances MHC-II expression on the surface of DCs and potentially enables DCs to effectively process antigens and present peptides to CD4(+) T cells for recognition..; FUNCTION: When expressed in M.smegmatis, it up-regulates the produc.

Functional vocabulary (eggNOG-mapper, orthology transfer)

COG category N Cell motility
eggNOG descriptionwas demonstrated in lysates by immunodetection (see Dillon et al., 1999)
Orthologous groupCOG5651

Orthology-based transfer (eggNOG 5.0.2, diamond). EC/KO/GO/CAZy are computed annotations, not manual curation; cross-check against the primary literature before treating a specific reaction as established.

Conservation & selection (intra-MTBC, 145 209 strains)

pN/pS 0.662 · relaxed/neutral
Polymorphic sites (≥ 0.1% of strains) 11 synonymous, 20 missense, 0 nonsense, 0 frameshift

pN/pS from segregating SNPs (singletons removed) normalised by possible sites. Low pN/pS = purifying selection (a strong signal that a "hypothetical" is a real, constrained gene). A high pN/pS is ambiguous: relaxed constraint or positive selection (drug resistance, antigenic variation) inflate it; e.g. rpoB/katG/pncA score high here for resistance, not loss of function. A clonal disruption (one allele over a clade) suggests lineage pseudogenisation; a convergent one (many independent alleles) is typical of resistance loss-of-function.

Domains (Pfam, hmmscan --cut_ga)

PfamAccessioni-EvalueResiduesDescription
PPEPF00823.26 1.4e-593–164 PPE family
PPE-SVPPF12484.14 4.2e-16309–388 PPE-SVP subfamily C-terminal region

Functional interaction network (STRING v12, guilt-by-association)

Closest characterised functional partner: PE31 (PE family protein PE31), medium confidence from genomic context alone (score 679 excluding text-mining).

PartnerProductScoreNo text-miningChannels (≥400)
Rv3477 PE31 PE family protein PE31 919 679 ctx neighborhood:679 textmining:760
Rv0178 Mce associated membrane protein 533 533 coexpression:533
Rv3479 transmembrane protein 487 487 ctx neighborhood:471
Rv1040c PE8 PE family protein PE8 414 291
Rv3875 esxA ESAT-6 protein EsxA 478 228
Rv1638A hyp hypothetical protein 438 51 textmining:433
Rv2065 cobH precorrin-8X methylmutase 414 47 textmining:411
Rv0139 oxidoreductase 512 44 textmining:511
Rv1944c hyp hypothetical protein 526 41 textmining:526

STRING combines evidence channels (neighborhood, fusion, cooccurrence, coexpression, experimental, database, text-mining) into a 0–1000 score. The ctx badge marks edges carried by the genomic-context channels (conserved neighborhood, fusion, phylogenetic co-occurrence), which are independent of orthology and structure and the strongest signal for an unknown gene. The no text-mining column recomputes the score from data alone, so a link that does not depend on the literature is visible. Association is a function hypothesis, not proof: corroborate with the operon context and the primary literature before assigning a function.

Evidence

  • Annotation from H37Rv (no MTBC0 1:1 anchor; H37Rv protein used): PE family protein PPE60
  • Pfam (hmmscan --cut_ga): PPE PF00823.26 (E=1e-59), PPE-SVP PF12484.14 (E=4e-16)
  • (auto-curated by rules from PGAP + Pfam + Foldseek; not hand-reviewed)

Sources

  • Ancestral sequence & coordinates: Harrison LB et al. (2024), An imputed ancestral reference genome for the MTBC, doi:10.1101/2023.09.07.556366
  • Product annotation: NCBI PGAP on MTBC0; legacy from H37Rv NC_000962.3 (RefSeq YP_177976.1)
  • Domains: Pfam-A via hmmscan --cut_ga — PPE (PF00823.26), PPE-SVP (PF12484.14)
  • Sequence-level signal: ESM Atlas (EvolutionaryScale × BioHub) — exploratory
  • Controlled vocabulary: eggNOG-mapper 2.1.12 (Cantalapiedra et al. 2021, doi:10.1093/molbev/msab293), eggNOG 5.0 DB (Huerta-Cepas et al. 2019) — OG COG5651
  • Curated reference: UniProt Q6MWX1 (SwissProt, reviewed; Evidence at protein level)
  • Intra-MTBC selection: pN/pS and disruption from SPDI variants of 145 209 MTBC strains (this work, local collection vs H37Rv NC_000962.3)
  • Interaction network: STRING v12.0 (Szklarczyk et al. 2023, doi:10.1093/nar/gkac1000), taxon 83332, CC-BY 4.0 — 9 functional partner(s); context anchor PE31
  • Primary literature: none located yet; annotation rests on the domain/homology sources above.

Ancestral MTBC0 protein sequence

>H37Rv|Rv3478|PPE60
MVDFGALPPEINSARMYAGPGSASLVAAAKMWDSVASDLFSAASAFQSVVWGLTVGSWIGSSAGLMAAAASPYVAWMSVTAGQAQLTAAQVRVAAAAYETAYRLTVPPPVIAENRTELMTLTATNLLGQNTPAIEANQAAYSQMWGQDAEAMYGYAATAATATEALLPFEDAPLITNPGGLLEQAVAVEEAIDTAAANQLMNNVPQALQQLAQPAQGVVPSSKLGGLWTAVSPHLSPLSNVSSIANNHMSMMGTGVSMTNTLHSMLKGLAPAAAQAVETAAENGVWAMSSLGSQLGSSLGSSGLGAGVAANLGRAASVGSLSVPPAWAAANQAVTPAARALPLTSLTSAAQTAPGHMLGGLPLGHSVNAGSGINNALRVPARAYAIPRTPAAG