lppN Family assigned · medium

H37Rv Rv2270 · MTBC0 mtbc0_002412 · 175 aa · 2570803–2571330 (+) · RefSeq NP_216786.1

Annotation: from legacy to revised

Legacy (H37Rv / Mycobrowser)lipoprotein LppN
MTBC0 PGAP re-annotationhypothetical protein
Revised (this work)Lipoprotein LppN of the mycobacterial cell envelope; peptides derived from it bind alveolar epithelial (A549) and monocyte-derived (U937) cells and inhibit mycobacterial entry in vitro, implicating it in host-cell adhesion/invasion. Precise molecular function unfixed.

Curated reference (UniProt)

UniProt P9WK73 SwissProt · reviewed · Inferred from homology
UniProt namePutative lipoprotein LppN
Curated functionProbably involved in bacterial recognition and uptake by its host (human).

UniProt still lists this protein as Putative lipoprotein LppN; the revised annotation above is ahead of the current UniProt record.

Functional vocabulary (eggNOG-mapper, orthology transfer)

Preferred namelppN
Orthologous group29VFP

Orthology-based transfer (eggNOG 5.0.2, diamond). EC/KO/GO/CAZy are computed annotations, not manual curation; cross-check against the primary literature before treating a specific reaction as established.

Conservation & selection (intra-MTBC, 145 209 strains)

pN/pS 4.344 · diversifying/relaxed
Polymorphic sites (≥ 0.1% of strains) 1 synonymous, 12 missense, 0 nonsense, 1 frameshift
Disruption 1 distinct premature-stop/frameshift site(s); most common in 0.57% of strains (831) · clonal

pN/pS from segregating SNPs (singletons removed) normalised by possible sites. Low pN/pS = purifying selection (a strong signal that a "hypothetical" is a real, constrained gene). A high pN/pS is ambiguous: relaxed constraint or positive selection (drug resistance, antigenic variation) inflate it; e.g. rpoB/katG/pncA score high here for resistance, not loss of function. A clonal disruption (one allele over a clade) suggests lineage pseudogenisation; a convergent one (many independent alleles) is typical of resistance loss-of-function.

Domains (Pfam, hmmscan --cut_ga)

No Pfam-A domain above the gathering threshold (or not yet scanned).

Functional interaction network (STRING v12, guilt-by-association)

Closest characterised functional partner: cyp128 (cytochrome P450 Cyp128), medium confidence from genomic context alone (score 570 excluding text-mining).

PartnerProductScoreNo text-miningChannels (≥400)
Rv2271 hyp hypothetical protein 577 577 ctx neighborhood:576
Rv2269c hyp hypothetical protein 573 573 ctx neighborhood:561
Rv2268c cyp128 cytochrome P450 Cyp128 570 570 ctx neighborhood:550
Rv2267c stf3 hyp hypothetical protein 556 557 ctx neighborhood:550
Rv2272 transmembrane protein 415 416 ctx neighborhood:412
Rv2273 transmembrane protein 414 414 ctx neighborhood:412
Rv1968 mce3C Mce family protein Mce3C 526 55 textmining:519
Rv1970 lprM Mce family lipoprotein LprM 516 54 textmining:510
Rv1973 Mce associated membrane protein 633 51 textmining:630
Rv1351 hyp hypothetical protein 810 47 textmining:809
Rv1899c lppD lipoprotein LppD 723 47 textmining:722
Rv1911c lppC lipoprotein LppC 652 47 textmining:650
Rv3905c esxF ESAT-6 like protein EsxF 570 47 textmining:568
Rv3904c esxE ESAT-6 like protein EsxE 508 47 textmining:505
Rv0431 tuberculin-like peptide 652 44 textmining:651

STRING combines evidence channels (neighborhood, fusion, cooccurrence, coexpression, experimental, database, text-mining) into a 0–1000 score. The ctx badge marks edges carried by the genomic-context channels (conserved neighborhood, fusion, phylogenetic co-occurrence), which are independent of orthology and structure and the strongest signal for an unknown gene. The no text-mining column recomputes the score from data alone, so a link that does not depend on the literature is visible. Association is a function hypothesis, not proof: corroborate with the operon context and the primary literature before assigning a function.

Evidence

  • Cell-envelope lipoprotein; binding peptides inhibit mycobacterial entry (adhesion) (Ocampo 2014, PMID 25041568)
  • Curated from the literature crible (project 'Still unknown gene function', 2026-06-09)

Sources

  • Ancestral sequence & coordinates: Harrison LB et al. (2024), An imputed ancestral reference genome for the MTBC, doi:10.1101/2023.09.07.556366
  • Product annotation: NCBI PGAP on MTBC0; legacy from H37Rv NC_000962.3 (RefSeq NP_216786.1)
  • Domains: Pfam-A via hmmscan --cut_ga — none above threshold
  • Sequence-level signal: ESM Atlas (EvolutionaryScale × BioHub) — exploratory
  • Controlled vocabulary: eggNOG-mapper 2.1.12 (Cantalapiedra et al. 2021, doi:10.1093/molbev/msab293), eggNOG 5.0 DB (Huerta-Cepas et al. 2019) — OG 29VFP
  • Curated reference: UniProt P9WK73 (SwissProt, reviewed; Inferred from homology)
  • Intra-MTBC selection: pN/pS and disruption from SPDI variants of 145 209 MTBC strains (this work, local collection vs H37Rv NC_000962.3)
  • Interaction network: STRING v12.0 (Szklarczyk et al. 2023, doi:10.1093/nar/gkac1000), taxon 83332, CC-BY 4.0 — 19 functional partner(s); context anchor cyp128
  • Primary literature: Ocampo M, Curtidor H, Vanegas M, Patarroyo MA, Patarroyo ME (2014). Specific interaction between Mycobacterium tuberculosis lipoprotein-derived peptides and target cells inhibits mycobacterial entry in vitro Chem Biol Drug Des 84(6):626-41. doi:10.1111/cbdd.12365 PMID:25041568

Ancestral MTBC0 protein sequence

>mtbc0_002412|Rv2270|lppN
MRLPGRHVLYALSAVTMLAACSSNGARGGIASTNMNPTNPPATAETATVSPTPAPQSARTETWINLQVGDCLADLPPADLSRITVTIVDCATAHSAEVYLRAPVAVDAAVVSMANRDCAAGFAPYTGQSVDTSPYSVAYLIDSHQDRTGADPTPSTVICLLQPANGQLLTGSARR