gshA Resolved · high auto-curated

H37Rv Rv3704c · MTBC0 mtbc0_003926 · 432 aa · 4170836–4172134 (-) · RefSeq NP_218221.1

Annotation: from legacy to revised

Legacy (H37Rv / Mycobrowser)glutamate--cysteine ligase
MTBC0 PGAP re-annotationergothioneine biosynthesis glutamate--cysteine ligase EgtA
Revised (this work)Ergothioneine biosynthesis glutamate--cysteine ligase EgtA. Pfam: GCS2 (PF04107.19).

Auto-curated: this verdict and function were generated by rules from PGAP + Pfam + Foldseek and have not been hand-reviewed.

Curated reference (UniProt)

UniProt P9WPK7 SwissProt · reviewed · Evidence at protein level
UniProt nameGlutamate--cysteine ligase EgtA
EC (curated) EC 6.3.2.2
Curated functionCatalyzes the synthesis of gamma-glutamylcysteine (gamma-GC). This compound is used as substrate for the biosynthesis of the low-molecular thiol compound ergothioneine (By similarity).

Functional vocabulary (eggNOG-mapper, orthology transfer)

COG category H Coenzyme transport and metabolism
Preferred nameegtA
eggNOG descriptionCatalyzes the synthesis of gamma-glutamylcysteine (gamma-GC). This compound is used as substrate for the biosynthesis of the low-molecular thiol compound ergothioneine
Orthologous groupCOG3572
EC number EC 6.3.2.2
KEGG orthology K01919
KEGG pathways map00270, map00480, map01100
KEGG modules M00118
Gene Ontology (12) GO:0003674, GO:0003824, GO:0004357, GO:0005575, GO:0005623, GO:0005886, GO:0016020, GO:0016874, GO:0016879, GO:0016881, GO:0044464, GO:0071944

Orthology-based transfer (eggNOG 5.0.2, diamond). EC/KO/GO/CAZy are computed annotations, not manual curation; cross-check against the primary literature before treating a specific reaction as established.

Conservation & selection (intra-MTBC, 145 209 strains)

pN/pS 1.298 · diversifying/relaxed
Polymorphic sites (≥ 0.1% of strains) 3 synonymous, 11 missense, 0 nonsense, 0 frameshift

pN/pS from segregating SNPs (singletons removed) normalised by possible sites. Low pN/pS = purifying selection (a strong signal that a "hypothetical" is a real, constrained gene). A high pN/pS is ambiguous: relaxed constraint or positive selection (drug resistance, antigenic variation) inflate it; e.g. rpoB/katG/pncA score high here for resistance, not loss of function. A clonal disruption (one allele over a clade) suggests lineage pseudogenisation; a convergent one (many independent alleles) is typical of resistance loss-of-function.

Domains (Pfam, hmmscan --cut_ga)

PfamAccessioni-EvalueResiduesDescription
GCS2PF04107.19 1.1e-10245–425 Glutamate-cysteine ligase family 2(GCS2)

Functional interaction network (STRING v12, guilt-by-association)

Closest characterised functional partner: etgB (iron(II)-dependent oxidoreductase EgtB), high confidence from genomic context alone (score 992 excluding text-mining).

PartnerProductScoreNo text-miningChannels (≥400)
Rv3703c etgB iron(II)-dependent oxidoreductase EgtB 997 992 ctx neighborhood:881 cooccurence:410 coexpression:797 database:500 textmining:745
Rv3702c egtC amidohydrolase EgtC 988 988 ctx neighborhood:882 cooccurence:631 coexpression:748
Rv3701c egtD histidine-specific methyltransferase EtgD 989 973 ctx neighborhood:882 coexpression:733 textmining:616
Rv0433 carboxylate-amine ligase 903 903 database:900
Rv2394 ggtB gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase precursor GgtB 901 901 database:900
Rv0773c ggtA bifunctional cephalosporin acylase/gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase 900 901 database:900
Rv2213 pepB cytosol aminopeptidase 900 901 database:900
Rv2467 pepN aminopeptidase PepN 900 901 database:900
Rv2210c ilvE branched-chain amino acid aminotransferase 900 901 database:900
Rv0266c oplA 5-oxoprolinase OplA 900 900 database:900
Rv3700c egtE pyridoxal-phosphate-dependent protein EgtE 954 885 ctx neighborhood:839 textmining:623
Rv2476c gdh NAD-dependent glutamate dehydrogenase 805 806 database:800
Rv0075 aminotransferase 816 805 database:800
Rv1187 rocA pyrroline-5-carboxylate dehydrogenase RocA 814 805 database:800
Rv3684 lyase 803 804 database:800

STRING combines evidence channels (neighborhood, fusion, cooccurrence, coexpression, experimental, database, text-mining) into a 0–1000 score. The ctx badge marks edges carried by the genomic-context channels (conserved neighborhood, fusion, phylogenetic co-occurrence), which are independent of orthology and structure and the strongest signal for an unknown gene. The no text-mining column recomputes the score from data alone, so a link that does not depend on the literature is visible. Association is a function hypothesis, not proof: corroborate with the operon context and the primary literature before assigning a function.

Evidence

  • Legacy H37Rv annotation: glutamate--cysteine ligase
  • MTBC0 PGAP product: ergothioneine biosynthesis glutamate--cysteine ligase EgtA
  • Pfam (hmmscan --cut_ga): GCS2 PF04107.19 (E=1e-102)
  • (auto-curated by rules from PGAP + Pfam + Foldseek; not hand-reviewed)

Sources

  • Ancestral sequence & coordinates: Harrison LB et al. (2024), An imputed ancestral reference genome for the MTBC, doi:10.1101/2023.09.07.556366
  • Product annotation: NCBI PGAP on MTBC0; legacy from H37Rv NC_000962.3 (RefSeq NP_218221.1)
  • Domains: Pfam-A via hmmscan --cut_ga — GCS2 (PF04107.19)
  • Sequence-level signal: ESM Atlas (EvolutionaryScale × BioHub) — exploratory
  • Controlled vocabulary: eggNOG-mapper 2.1.12 (Cantalapiedra et al. 2021, doi:10.1093/molbev/msab293), eggNOG 5.0 DB (Huerta-Cepas et al. 2019) — OG COG3572
  • Curated reference: UniProt P9WPK7 (SwissProt, reviewed; Evidence at protein level)
  • Intra-MTBC selection: pN/pS and disruption from SPDI variants of 145 209 MTBC strains (this work, local collection vs H37Rv NC_000962.3)
  • Interaction network: STRING v12.0 (Szklarczyk et al. 2023, doi:10.1093/nar/gkac1000), taxon 83332, CC-BY 4.0 — 40 functional partner(s); context anchor etgB
  • Primary literature: none located yet; annotation rests on the domain/homology sources above.

Ancestral MTBC0 protein sequence

>mtbc0_003926|Rv3704c|gshA
MTLAAMTAAASQLDNAAPDDVEITDSSAAAEYIADGCLVDGPLGRVGLEMEAHCFDPADPFRRPSWEEITEVLEWLSPLPGGSVVSVEPGGAVELSGPPADGVLAAIGAMTRDQAVLRSALANAGLGLVFLGADPLRSPVRVNPGARYRAMEQFFAASHSGVPGAAMMTSTAAIQVNLDAGPQEGWAERVRLAHALGPTMIAIAANSPMLGGRFSGWQSTRQRVWGQMDSARCGPILGASGDHPGIDWAKYALKAPVMMVRSPDTQDTRAVTDYVPFTDWVDGRVLLDGRRATVADLVYHLTTLFPPVRPRQWLEIRYLDSVPDEVWPAVVFTLVTLLDDPVAADLAVDAVEPVATAWDTAARIGLADRRLYLAANRCLAIAARRVPTELIGAMQRLVDHVDRGVCPADDFSDRVIAGGIASAVTGMMHGAS