PPE19 Family assigned · medium auto-curated
H37Rv Rv1361c · MTBC0 - ·
396 aa · 1532443–1533633 (-) ·
RefSeq YP_177801.1
Annotation: from legacy to revised
| Legacy (H37Rv / Mycobrowser) | PPE family protein PPE19 |
|---|---|
| MTBC0 PGAP re-annotation | — |
| Revised (this work) | PPE family protein PPE19. Pfam: PPE (PF00823.26), PPE-SVP (PF12484.14). |
Auto-curated: this verdict and function were generated by rules from PGAP + Pfam + Foldseek and have not been hand-reviewed.
Annotated on the H37Rv protein: this gene has no 1:1 ancestral MTBC0 anchor (PE/PPE, paralogue, IS element, or otherwise unanchored CDS).
Curated reference (UniProt)
| UniProt |
P9WI25
SwissProt · reviewed
· Evidence at protein level
|
|---|---|
| UniProt name | PPE family protein PPE19 |
| Curated function | Effector protein that plays a significant role during the preliminary stages of infection and contributes to virulence. It facilitates adhesion and internalization into host macrophages, thereby contributing to the initial stages of pathogenesis and promoting efficient cellular colonization. |
Functional vocabulary (eggNOG-mapper, orthology transfer)
| COG category |
N Cell motility
|
|---|---|
| eggNOG description | was demonstrated in lysates by immunodetection (see Dillon et al., 1999) |
| Orthologous group | COG5651 |
| Gene Ontology (21) |
GO:0005575, GO:0005618, GO:0005623, GO:0008150, GO:0009605, GO:0009607, GO:0030312, GO:0043207, GO:0044403, GO:0044419, GO:0044464, GO:0050896 +9 more
|
Orthology-based transfer (eggNOG 5.0.2, diamond). EC/KO/GO/CAZy are computed annotations, not manual curation; cross-check against the primary literature before treating a specific reaction as established.
Conservation & selection (intra-MTBC, 145 209 strains) pseudogene candidate
| pN/pS | 0.673 · relaxed/neutral |
|---|---|
| Polymorphic sites (≥ 0.1% of strains) | 10 synonymous, 17 missense, 2 nonsense, 0 frameshift |
| Disruption | 2 distinct premature-stop/frameshift site(s); most common in 1.52% of strains (2201) · clonal |
pN/pS from segregating SNPs (singletons removed) normalised by possible sites. Low pN/pS = purifying selection (a strong signal that a "hypothetical" is a real, constrained gene). A high pN/pS is ambiguous: relaxed constraint or positive selection (drug resistance, antigenic variation) inflate it; e.g. rpoB/katG/pncA score high here for resistance, not loss of function. A clonal disruption (one allele over a clade) suggests lineage pseudogenisation; a convergent one (many independent alleles) is typical of resistance loss-of-function.
Domains (Pfam, hmmscan --cut_ga)
| Pfam | Accession | i-Evalue | Residues | Description |
|---|---|---|---|---|
PPE | PF00823.26 | 1.3e-62 | 3–164 | PPE family |
PPE-SVP | PF12484.14 | 2.9e-18 | 309–391 | PPE-SVP subfamily C-terminal region |
Functional interaction network (STRING v12, guilt-by-association)
Closest characterised functional partner: Rv1363c (membrane protein), medium confidence from genomic context alone (score 428 excluding text-mining).
| Partner | Product | Score | No text-mining | Channels (≥400) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Rv1196 PPE18 |
PPE family protein PPE18 | 732 | 731 | coexpression:731 |
Rv1363c |
membrane protein | 428 | 428 ctx | neighborhood:421 |
Rv1362c |
membrane protein | 424 | 424 ctx | neighborhood:421 |
Rv3477 PE31 |
PE family protein PE31 | 510 | 93 | textmining:483 |
Rv0747 PE_PGRS10 |
PE-PGRS family protein PE_PGRS10 | 511 | 41 | textmining:511 |
STRING combines evidence channels (neighborhood, fusion, cooccurrence, coexpression, experimental, database, text-mining) into a 0–1000 score. The ctx badge marks edges carried by the genomic-context channels (conserved neighborhood, fusion, phylogenetic co-occurrence), which are independent of orthology and structure and the strongest signal for an unknown gene. The no text-mining column recomputes the score from data alone, so a link that does not depend on the literature is visible. Association is a function hypothesis, not proof: corroborate with the operon context and the primary literature before assigning a function.
Evidence
- Annotation from H37Rv (no MTBC0 1:1 anchor; H37Rv protein used): PPE family protein PPE19
- Pfam (hmmscan --cut_ga): PPE PF00823.26 (E=1e-62), PPE-SVP PF12484.14 (E=3e-18)
- (auto-curated by rules from PGAP + Pfam + Foldseek; not hand-reviewed)
Sources
- Ancestral sequence & coordinates: Harrison LB et al. (2024), An imputed ancestral reference genome for the MTBC, doi:10.1101/2023.09.07.556366
- Product annotation: NCBI PGAP on MTBC0; legacy from H37Rv NC_000962.3 (RefSeq YP_177801.1)
- Domains: Pfam-A via hmmscan --cut_ga — PPE (PF00823.26), PPE-SVP (PF12484.14)
- Sequence-level signal: ESM Atlas (EvolutionaryScale × BioHub) — exploratory
- Controlled vocabulary: eggNOG-mapper 2.1.12 (Cantalapiedra et al. 2021,
doi:10.1093/molbev/msab293), eggNOG 5.0 DB
(Huerta-Cepas et al. 2019) — OG
COG5651 - Curated reference: UniProt P9WI25 (SwissProt, reviewed; Evidence at protein level)
- Intra-MTBC selection: pN/pS and disruption from SPDI variants of 145 209 MTBC strains (this work, local collection vs H37Rv NC_000962.3)
- Interaction network: STRING v12.0 (Szklarczyk et al. 2023,
doi:10.1093/nar/gkac1000), taxon 83332, CC-BY 4.0 —
5 functional partner(s); context anchor
Rv1363c - Primary literature: none located yet; annotation rests on the domain/homology sources above.
Ancestral MTBC0 protein sequence
>H37Rv|Rv1361c|PPE19 MVDFGALPPEINSARMYAGPGSASLVAAAKMWDSVASDLFSAASAFQSVVWGLTTGSWIGSSAGLMVAAASPYVAWMSVTAGQAELTAAQVRVAAAAYETAYGLTVPPPVIAENRAELMILIATNLLGQNTPAIAVNEAEYGEMWAQDAAAMFGYAATAATATEALLPFEDAPLITNPGGLLEQAVAVEEAIDTAAANQLMNNVPQALQQLAQPTKSIWPFDQLSELWKAISPHLSPLSNIVSMLNNHVSMTNSGVSMASTLHSMLKGFAPAAAQAVETAAQNGVQAMSSLGSQLGSSLGSSGLGAGVAANLGRAASVGSLSVPQAWAAANQAVTPAARALPLTSLTSAAQTAPGHMLGGLPLGQLTNSGGGFGGVSNALRMPPRAYVMPRVPAAG