PE9 Family assigned · medium auto-curated

H37Rv Rv1088 · MTBC0 - · 144 aa · 1214513–1214947 (+) · RefSeq YP_177784.1

Annotation: from legacy to revised

Legacy (H37Rv / Mycobrowser)PE family protein PE9
MTBC0 PGAP re-annotation
Revised (this work)PE family protein PE9. Pfam: PE (PF00934.26).

Auto-curated: this verdict and function were generated by rules from PGAP + Pfam + Foldseek and have not been hand-reviewed.

Annotated on the H37Rv protein: this gene has no 1:1 ancestral MTBC0 anchor (PE/PPE, paralogue, IS element, or otherwise unanchored CDS).

Curated reference (UniProt)

UniProt Q79FS8 SwissProt · reviewed · Evidence at protein level
UniProt namePE family protein PE9
Curated functionTogether with PE10, induces macrophage apoptosis through human Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) signaling pathway. Interaction with TLR4 leads to increased levels of phospho-IRF-3, increase in the transcript levels of IFN-beta and pro-apoptotic genes, up-regulation of IL-10, down-regulation of IL-1b and enhanced levels of macrophage apoptosis.

Functional vocabulary (eggNOG-mapper, orthology transfer)

COG category I Lipid transport and metabolism
eggNOG descriptionacetylesterase activity
Orthologous groupCOG0657
EC number EC 3.1.1.3
KEGG orthology K01046
KEGG pathways map00561, map01100
KEGG modules M00098
Gene Ontology (6) GO:0005575, GO:0005623, GO:0005886, GO:0016020, GO:0044464, GO:0071944

Orthology-based transfer (eggNOG 5.0.2, diamond). EC/KO/GO/CAZy are computed annotations, not manual curation; cross-check against the primary literature before treating a specific reaction as established.

Conservation & selection (intra-MTBC, 145 209 strains) pseudogene candidate

pN/pS 0.719 · relaxed/neutral
Polymorphic sites (≥ 0.1% of strains) 1 synonymous, 1 missense, 1 nonsense, 1 frameshift
Disruption 2 distinct premature-stop/frameshift site(s); most common in 1.15% of strains (1675) · clonal

pN/pS from segregating SNPs (singletons removed) normalised by possible sites. Low pN/pS = purifying selection (a strong signal that a "hypothetical" is a real, constrained gene). A high pN/pS is ambiguous: relaxed constraint or positive selection (drug resistance, antigenic variation) inflate it; e.g. rpoB/katG/pncA score high here for resistance, not loss of function. A clonal disruption (one allele over a clade) suggests lineage pseudogenisation; a convergent one (many independent alleles) is typical of resistance loss-of-function.

Domains (Pfam, hmmscan --cut_ga)

PfamAccessioni-EvalueResiduesDescription
PEPF00934.26 7.2e-284–88 PE family

Functional interaction network (STRING v12, guilt-by-association)

Closest characterised functional partner: PE10 (PE family protein PE10; Together with PE9, induces macrophage apoptosis through human Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) signaling pathway. Interac), high confidence from genomic context alone (score 773 excluding text-mining).

PartnerProductScoreNo text-miningChannels (≥400)
Rv1089 PE10 PE family protein PE10; Together with PE9, induces macrophage apoptosis through human Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) signaling pathway. Interac 988 773 ctx neighborhood:773 textmining:953
Rv1087A Rv1087A, len: 106 aa (fragment). Conserved hypothetical protein, highly similar to C-terminus of near ORF O53434|YA86_MYCTU|Rv1086|MT1118|MT 473 473 ctx neighborhood:473
Rv3602c panC pantothenate synthetase 437 437 experimental:423
Rv0992c 5-formyltetrahydrofolate cyclo-ligase 422 422 coexpression:422
Rv2205c hyp hypothetical protein 414 415 coexpression:415
Rv2190c ripC endopeptidase 414 70
Rv0833 PE_PGRS13 PE-PGRS family protein PE_PGRS13 543 58 textmining:536
Rv2126c PE_PGRS37 PE-PGRS family protein PE_PGRS37 463 58 textmining:454
Rv0754 PE_PGRS11 PE-PGRS family protein PE_PGRS11 412 43 textmining:411
Rv1115 hyp hypothetical protein 651 41 textmining:651
Rv3746c PE34 PE family protein PE34 630 41 textmining:630
Rv3652 PE_PGRS60 PE-PGRS family-related protein PE_PGRS60 438 41 textmining:438

STRING combines evidence channels (neighborhood, fusion, cooccurrence, coexpression, experimental, database, text-mining) into a 0–1000 score. The ctx badge marks edges carried by the genomic-context channels (conserved neighborhood, fusion, phylogenetic co-occurrence), which are independent of orthology and structure and the strongest signal for an unknown gene. The no text-mining column recomputes the score from data alone, so a link that does not depend on the literature is visible. Association is a function hypothesis, not proof: corroborate with the operon context and the primary literature before assigning a function.

Evidence

  • Annotation from H37Rv (no MTBC0 1:1 anchor; H37Rv protein used): PE family protein PE9
  • Pfam (hmmscan --cut_ga): PE PF00934.26 (E=7e-28)
  • (auto-curated by rules from PGAP + Pfam + Foldseek; not hand-reviewed)

Sources

  • Ancestral sequence & coordinates: Harrison LB et al. (2024), An imputed ancestral reference genome for the MTBC, doi:10.1101/2023.09.07.556366
  • Product annotation: NCBI PGAP on MTBC0; legacy from H37Rv NC_000962.3 (RefSeq YP_177784.1)
  • Domains: Pfam-A via hmmscan --cut_ga — PE (PF00934.26)
  • Sequence-level signal: ESM Atlas (EvolutionaryScale × BioHub) — exploratory
  • Controlled vocabulary: eggNOG-mapper 2.1.12 (Cantalapiedra et al. 2021, doi:10.1093/molbev/msab293), eggNOG 5.0 DB (Huerta-Cepas et al. 2019) — OG COG0657
  • Curated reference: UniProt Q79FS8 (SwissProt, reviewed; Evidence at protein level)
  • Intra-MTBC selection: pN/pS and disruption from SPDI variants of 145 209 MTBC strains (this work, local collection vs H37Rv NC_000962.3)
  • Interaction network: STRING v12.0 (Szklarczyk et al. 2023, doi:10.1093/nar/gkac1000), taxon 83332, CC-BY 4.0 — 12 functional partner(s); context anchor PE10
  • Primary literature: none located yet; annotation rests on the domain/homology sources above.

Ancestral MTBC0 protein sequence

>H37Rv|Rv1088|PE9
MSYMIATPAALTAAATDIDGIGSAVSVANAAAVAATTGVLAAGGDEVLAAIARLFNANAEEYHALSAQVAAFQTLFVRTLTGGCGVFRRRRGRQCVTAAEHRAAGAGRRQRRRRSGDGQWRLRQQRHFGCGGQPEFRQHSEHRR