glnA1 Resolved · high auto-curated

H37Rv Rv2220 · MTBC0 mtbc0_002357 · 478 aa · 2513772–2515208 (+) · RefSeq NP_216736.1

Annotation: from legacy to revised

Legacy (H37Rv / Mycobrowser)glutamine synthetase
MTBC0 PGAP re-annotationtype I glutamate--ammonia ligase
Revised (this work)Type I glutamate--ammonia ligase. Pfam: Gln-synt_N (PF03951.25), Gln-synt_C (PF00120.30).

Auto-curated: this verdict and function were generated by rules from PGAP + Pfam + Foldseek and have not been hand-reviewed.

Curated reference (UniProt)

UniProt P9WN39 SwissProt · reviewed · Evidence at protein level
UniProt nameGlutamine synthetase
EC (curated) EC 6.3.1.2
Curated functionInvolved in nitrogen metabolism via ammonium assimilation. Catalyzes the ATP-dependent biosynthesis of glutamine from glutamate and ammonia. Also able to use GTP. D-glutamate is a poor substrate, and DL-glutamate shows about 50% of the standard specific activity. Also plays a key role in controlling the ammonia levels within infected host cells and so contributes to the pathogens capacity to inhibit phagosome acidification and phagosome-lysosome fusion. Involved in cell wall biosynthesis via the production of the major component poly-L-glutamine (PLG). PLG synthesis in the cell wall occurs onl.

Functional vocabulary (eggNOG-mapper, orthology transfer)

COG category E Amino acid transport and metabolism
Preferred nameglnA
eggNOG descriptionglutamine synthetase
Orthologous groupCOG0174
EC number EC 6.3.1.2
KEGG orthology K01915
KEGG pathways map00220, map00250, map00630, map00910, map01100, map01120, map01230, map02020, map04217, map04724, map04727
Gene Ontology (106) GO:0001968, GO:0003674, GO:0003824, GO:0004356, GO:0005488, GO:0005515, GO:0005575, GO:0005576, GO:0005618, GO:0005622, GO:0005623, GO:0005737 +94 more

Orthology-based transfer (eggNOG 5.0.2, diamond). EC/KO/GO/CAZy are computed annotations, not manual curation; cross-check against the primary literature before treating a specific reaction as established.

Conservation & selection (intra-MTBC, 145 209 strains)

pN/pS 0.297 · purifying
Polymorphic sites (≥ 0.1% of strains) 4 synonymous, 4 missense, 0 nonsense, 0 frameshift

pN/pS from segregating SNPs (singletons removed) normalised by possible sites. Low pN/pS = purifying selection (a strong signal that a "hypothetical" is a real, constrained gene). A high pN/pS is ambiguous: relaxed constraint or positive selection (drug resistance, antigenic variation) inflate it; e.g. rpoB/katG/pncA score high here for resistance, not loss of function. A clonal disruption (one allele over a clade) suggests lineage pseudogenisation; a convergent one (many independent alleles) is typical of resistance loss-of-function.

Domains (Pfam, hmmscan --cut_ga)

PfamAccessioni-EvalueResiduesDescription
Gln-synt_NPF03951.25 9.6e-3017–98 Glutamine synthetase, beta-Grasp domain
Gln-synt_CPF00120.30 1.5e-135106–475 Glutamine synthetase, catalytic domain

Functional interaction network (STRING v12, guilt-by-association)

Closest characterised functional partner: gltB (glutamate synthase large subunit), high confidence from genomic context alone (score 970 excluding text-mining).

PartnerProductScoreNo text-miningChannels (≥400)
Rv3859c gltB glutamate synthase large subunit 989 970 ctx neighborhood:456 coexpression:501 database:900 textmining:659
Rv3436c glmS glucosamine--fructose-6-phosphate aminotransferase 931 917 database:900
Rv3858c gltD glutamate synthase small subunit 953 916 database:900 textmining:467
Rv1383 carA carbamoyl-phosphate synthase small subunit 914 909 database:900
Rv1384 carB carbamoyl-phosphate synthase large subunit 914 906 database:900
Rv1187 rocA pyrroline-5-carboxylate dehydrogenase RocA 910 906 database:900
Rv2476c gdh NAD-dependent glutamate dehydrogenase 967 904 database:900 textmining:678
Rv3432c gadB glutamate decarboxylase GadB 936 904 database:900
Rv0808 purF amidophosphoribosyltransferase 911 904 database:900
Rv0252 nirB nitrite reductase large subunit NirB 963 903 database:900 textmining:642
Rv0788 purQ phosphoribosylformylglycinamidine synthase 907 902 database:900
Rv0253 nirD nitrite reductase small subunit NirD 929 901 database:900
Rv1878 glnA3 glutamine synthetase GlnA 886 853 database:800
Rv2222c glnA2 glutamine synthetase 867 848 database:800
Rv2860c glnA4 glutamine synthetase 871 842 database:800

STRING combines evidence channels (neighborhood, fusion, cooccurrence, coexpression, experimental, database, text-mining) into a 0–1000 score. The ctx badge marks edges carried by the genomic-context channels (conserved neighborhood, fusion, phylogenetic co-occurrence), which are independent of orthology and structure and the strongest signal for an unknown gene. The no text-mining column recomputes the score from data alone, so a link that does not depend on the literature is visible. Association is a function hypothesis, not proof: corroborate with the operon context and the primary literature before assigning a function.

Evidence

  • Legacy H37Rv annotation: glutamine synthetase
  • MTBC0 PGAP product: type I glutamate--ammonia ligase
  • Pfam (hmmscan --cut_ga): Gln-synt_N PF03951.25 (E=1e-29), Gln-synt_C PF00120.30 (E=2e-135)
  • (auto-curated by rules from PGAP + Pfam + Foldseek; not hand-reviewed)

Sources

  • Ancestral sequence & coordinates: Harrison LB et al. (2024), An imputed ancestral reference genome for the MTBC, doi:10.1101/2023.09.07.556366
  • Product annotation: NCBI PGAP on MTBC0; legacy from H37Rv NC_000962.3 (RefSeq NP_216736.1)
  • Domains: Pfam-A via hmmscan --cut_ga — Gln-synt_N (PF03951.25), Gln-synt_C (PF00120.30)
  • Sequence-level signal: ESM Atlas (EvolutionaryScale × BioHub) — exploratory
  • Controlled vocabulary: eggNOG-mapper 2.1.12 (Cantalapiedra et al. 2021, doi:10.1093/molbev/msab293), eggNOG 5.0 DB (Huerta-Cepas et al. 2019) — OG COG0174
  • Curated reference: UniProt P9WN39 (SwissProt, reviewed; Evidence at protein level)
  • Intra-MTBC selection: pN/pS and disruption from SPDI variants of 145 209 MTBC strains (this work, local collection vs H37Rv NC_000962.3)
  • Interaction network: STRING v12.0 (Szklarczyk et al. 2023, doi:10.1093/nar/gkac1000), taxon 83332, CC-BY 4.0 — 85 functional partner(s); context anchor gltB
  • Primary literature: none located yet; annotation rests on the domain/homology sources above.

Ancestral MTBC0 protein sequence

>mtbc0_002357|Rv2220|glnA1
MTEKTPDDVFKLAKDEKVEYVDVRFCDLPGIMQHFTIPASAFDKSVFDDGLAFDGSSIRGFQSIHESDMLLLPDPETARIDPFRAAKTLNINFFVHDPFTLEPYSRDPRNIARKAENYLISTGIADTAYFGAEAEFYIFDSVSFDSRANGSFYEVDAISGWWNTGAATEADGSPNRGYKVRHKGGYFPVAPNDQYVDLRDKMLTNLINSGFILEKGHHEVGSGGQAEINYQFNSLLHAADDMQLYKYIIKNTAWQNGKTVTFMPKPLFGDNGSGMHCHQSLWKDGAPLMYDETGYAGLSDTARHYIGGLLHHAPSLLAFTNPTVNSYKRLVPGYEAPINLVYSQRNRSACVRIPITGSNPKAKRLEFRSPDSSGNPYLAFSAMLMAGLDGIKNKIEPQAPVDKDLYELPPEEAASIPQTPTQLSDVIDRLEADHEYLTEGGVFTNDLIETWISFKRENEIEPVNIRPHPYEFALYYDV