valS Resolved · high auto-curated

H37Rv Rv2448c · MTBC0 - · 876 aa · 2747595–2750225 (-) · RefSeq NP_216964.1

Annotation: from legacy to revised

Legacy (H37Rv / Mycobrowser)valine--tRNA ligase
MTBC0 PGAP re-annotation
Revised (this work)Valine--tRNA ligase. Pfam: tRNA-synt_1 (PF00133.29), tRNA-synt_1_2 (PF13603.13), tRNA-synt_1g (PF09334.18), Anticodon_1 (PF08264.20), Val_tRNA-synt_C (PF10458.15).

Auto-curated: this verdict and function were generated by rules from PGAP + Pfam + Foldseek and have not been hand-reviewed.

Annotated on the H37Rv protein: this gene has no 1:1 ancestral MTBC0 anchor (PE/PPE, paralogue, IS element, or otherwise unanchored CDS).

Curated reference (UniProt)

UniProt P9WFS9 SwissProt · reviewed · Evidence at protein level
UniProt nameValine--tRNA ligase
EC (curated) EC 6.1.1.9
Curated functionCatalyzes the attachment of valine to tRNA(Val). As ValRS can inadvertently accommodate and process structurally similar amino acids such as threonine, to avoid such errors, it has a 'posttransfer' editing activity that hydrolyzes mischarged Thr-tRNA(Val) in a tRNA-dependent manner.

Functional vocabulary (eggNOG-mapper, orthology transfer)

COG category J Translation, ribosomal structure and biogenesis
Preferred namevalS
eggNOG descriptionamino acids such as threonine, to avoid such errors, it has a posttransfer editing activity that hydrolyzes mischarged Thr-tRNA(Val) in a tRNA-dependent manner
Orthologous groupCOG0525
EC number EC 6.1.1.9
KEGG orthology K01873
KEGG pathways map00970
KEGG modules M00359, M00360
Gene Ontology (65) GO:0003674, GO:0003824, GO:0004812, GO:0004832, GO:0005575, GO:0005618, GO:0005622, GO:0005623, GO:0005737, GO:0005829, GO:0005886, GO:0006082 +53 more

Orthology-based transfer (eggNOG 5.0.2, diamond). EC/KO/GO/CAZy are computed annotations, not manual curation; cross-check against the primary literature before treating a specific reaction as established.

Conservation & selection (intra-MTBC, 145 209 strains)

pN/pS 0.229 · purifying
Polymorphic sites (≥ 0.1% of strains) 10 synonymous, 7 missense, 0 nonsense, 0 frameshift

pN/pS from segregating SNPs (singletons removed) normalised by possible sites. Low pN/pS = purifying selection (a strong signal that a "hypothetical" is a real, constrained gene). A high pN/pS is ambiguous: relaxed constraint or positive selection (drug resistance, antigenic variation) inflate it; e.g. rpoB/katG/pncA score high here for resistance, not loss of function. A clonal disruption (one allele over a clade) suggests lineage pseudogenisation; a convergent one (many independent alleles) is typical of resistance loss-of-function.

Domains (Pfam, hmmscan --cut_ga)

PfamAccessioni-EvalueResiduesDescription
tRNA-synt_1PF00133.29 7.0e-9315–426 tRNA synthetases class I (I, L, M and V)
tRNA-synt_1_2PF13603.13 4.7e-06242–300 Leucyl-tRNA synthetase, editing domain
tRNA-synt_1gPF09334.18 1.4e-06517–579 tRNA synthetases class I (M)
Anticodon_1PF08264.20 5.7e-36611–750 Anticodon-binding domain of tRNA ligase
Val_tRNA-synt_CPF10458.15 1.1e-16811–876 Valyl tRNA synthetase tRNA binding arm

Functional interaction network (STRING v12, guilt-by-association)

Closest characterised functional partner: folC (folylpolyglutamate synthase FolC), high confidence from genomic context alone (score 935 excluding text-mining).

PartnerProductScoreNo text-miningChannels (≥400)
Rv2447c folC folylpolyglutamate synthase FolC 959 935 ctx neighborhood:881 coexpression:475 textmining:406
Rv2446c integral membrane protein 940 904 ctx neighborhood:881 textmining:406
Rv1536 ileS isoleucine--tRNA ligase 908 828 coexpression:775 textmining:492
Rv2445c ndkA nucleoside diphosphate kinase 845 825 ctx neighborhood:822
Rv0041 leuS leucine--tRNA ligase 973 819 coexpression:749 textmining:861
Rv3396c guaA GMP synthase 905 803 coexpression:788 textmining:542
Rv2555c alaS alanine--tRNA ligase 832 781 coexpression:738
Rv2572c aspS aspartate--tRNA ligase 810 752 coexpression:732
Rv2614c thrS threonine--tRNA ligase 976 731 coexpression:656 textmining:915
Rv3834c serS serine--tRNA ligase 835 730 coexpression:651 textmining:416
Rv2580c hisS histidine--tRNA ligase 967 678 coexpression:426 textmining:903
Rv1594 nadA quinolinate synthetase A 667 667 ctx fusion:652
Rv1630 rpsA 30S ribosomal protein S1 720 660 coexpression:654
Rv0667 rpoB DNA-directed RNA polymerase subunit beta 736 655 coexpression:649
Rv1292 argS arginine--tRNA ligase 979 651 coexpression:624 textmining:944

STRING combines evidence channels (neighborhood, fusion, cooccurrence, coexpression, experimental, database, text-mining) into a 0–1000 score. The ctx badge marks edges carried by the genomic-context channels (conserved neighborhood, fusion, phylogenetic co-occurrence), which are independent of orthology and structure and the strongest signal for an unknown gene. The no text-mining column recomputes the score from data alone, so a link that does not depend on the literature is visible. Association is a function hypothesis, not proof: corroborate with the operon context and the primary literature before assigning a function.

Evidence

  • Annotation from H37Rv (no MTBC0 1:1 anchor; H37Rv protein used): valine--tRNA ligase
  • Pfam (hmmscan --cut_ga): tRNA-synt_1 PF00133.29 (E=7e-93), tRNA-synt_1_2 PF13603.13 (E=5e-06), tRNA-synt_1g PF09334.18 (E=1e-06), Anticodon_1 PF08264.20 (E=6e-36), Val_tRNA-synt_C PF10458.15 (E=1e-16)
  • (auto-curated by rules from PGAP + Pfam + Foldseek; not hand-reviewed)

Sources

  • Ancestral sequence & coordinates: Harrison LB et al. (2024), An imputed ancestral reference genome for the MTBC, doi:10.1101/2023.09.07.556366
  • Product annotation: NCBI PGAP on MTBC0; legacy from H37Rv NC_000962.3 (RefSeq NP_216964.1)
  • Domains: Pfam-A via hmmscan --cut_ga — tRNA-synt_1 (PF00133.29), tRNA-synt_1_2 (PF13603.13), tRNA-synt_1g (PF09334.18), Anticodon_1 (PF08264.20), Val_tRNA-synt_C (PF10458.15)
  • Sequence-level signal: ESM Atlas (EvolutionaryScale × BioHub) — exploratory
  • Controlled vocabulary: eggNOG-mapper 2.1.12 (Cantalapiedra et al. 2021, doi:10.1093/molbev/msab293), eggNOG 5.0 DB (Huerta-Cepas et al. 2019) — OG COG0525
  • Curated reference: UniProt P9WFS9 (SwissProt, reviewed; Evidence at protein level)
  • Intra-MTBC selection: pN/pS and disruption from SPDI variants of 145 209 MTBC strains (this work, local collection vs H37Rv NC_000962.3)
  • Interaction network: STRING v12.0 (Szklarczyk et al. 2023, doi:10.1093/nar/gkac1000), taxon 83332, CC-BY 4.0 — 103 functional partner(s); context anchor folC
  • Primary literature: none located yet; annotation rests on the domain/homology sources above.

Ancestral MTBC0 protein sequence

>H37Rv|Rv2448c|valS
MLPKSWDPAAMESAIYQKWLDAGYFTADPTSTKPAYSIVLPPPNVTGSLHMGHALEHTMMDALTRRKRMQGYEVLWQPGTDHAGIATQSVVEQQLAVDGKTKEDLGRELFVDKVWDWKRESGGAIGGQMRRLGDGVDWSRDRFTMDEGLSRAVRTIFKRLYDAGLIYRAERLVNWSPVLQTAISDLEVNYRDVEGELVSFRYGSLDDSQPHIVVATTRVETMLGDTAIAVHPDDERYRHLVGTSLAHPFVDRELAIVADEHVDPEFGTGAVKVTPAHDPNDFEIGVRHQLPMPSILDTKGRIVDTGTRFDGMDRFEARVAVRQALAAQGRVVEEKRPYLHSVGHSERSGEPIEPRLSLQWWVRVESLAKAAGDAVRNGDTVIHPASMEPRWFSWVDDMHDWCISRQLWWGHRIPIWYGPDGEQVCVGPDETPPQGWEQDPDVLDTWFSSALWPFSTLGWPDKTAELEKFYPTSVLVTGYDILFFWVARMMMFGTFVGDDAAITLDGRRGPQVPFTDVFLHGLIRDESGRKMSKSKGNVIDPLDWVEMFGADALRFTLARGASPGGDLAVSEDAVRASRNFGTKLFNATRYALLNGAAPAPLPSPNELTDADRWILGRLEEVRAEVDSAFDGYEFSRACESLYHFAWDEFCDWYLELAKTQLAQGLTHTTAVLAAGLDTLLRLLHPVIPFLTEALWLALTGRESLVSADWPEPSGISVDLVAAQRINDMQKLVTEVRRFRSDQGLADRQKVPARMHGVRDSDLSNQVAAVTSLAWLTEPGPDFEPSVSLEVRLGPEMNRTVVVELDTSGTIDVAAERRRLEKELAGAQKELASTAAKLANADFLAKAPDAVIAKIRDRQRVAQQETERITTRLAALQ