papA3 Resolved · high auto-curated

H37Rv Rv1182 · MTBC0 mtbc0_001270 · 472 aa · 1328477–1329895 (+) · RefSeq NP_215698.1

Annotation: from legacy to revised

Legacy (H37Rv / Mycobrowser)acyltransferase papA3
MTBC0 PGAP re-annotationacyltransferase PapA3
Revised (this work)Acyltransferase PapA3. Pfam: Condensation (PF00668.26).

Auto-curated: this verdict and function were generated by rules from PGAP + Pfam + Foldseek and have not been hand-reviewed.

Curated reference (UniProt)

UniProt P9WIK5 SwissProt · reviewed · Evidence at protein level
UniProt nameAcyltransferase PapA3
EC (curated) EC 2.3.1.278, EC 2.3.1.279
Curated functionInvolved in the biosynthesis of polyacyltrehalose (PAT), a pentaacylated, trehalose-based glycolipid that could have a role in anchoring the bacterial capsule. Catalyzes the sequential transfer of two palmitoyl groups onto a single glucose residue of trehalose generating the diacylated product 2,3-diacyltrehalose (trehalose dipalmitate). Although palmitoyl-CoA (PCoA) seems to be the physiological acyl donor, PapA3 can also use docosanoyl (22-carbon saturated fatty acid) coenzyme A as acyl donor.

Functional vocabulary (eggNOG-mapper, orthology transfer)

COG category Q Secondary metabolites biosynthesis, transport and catabolism
Preferred namepapA3
eggNOG descriptionCOG1020 Non-ribosomal peptide synthetase modules and related proteins
Orthologous groupCOG1020
Gene Ontology (31) GO:0003674, GO:0003824, GO:0005975, GO:0005984, GO:0005991, GO:0006629, GO:0006643, GO:0006664, GO:0008150, GO:0008152, GO:0008610, GO:0009058 +19 more

Orthology-based transfer (eggNOG 5.0.2, diamond). EC/KO/GO/CAZy are computed annotations, not manual curation; cross-check against the primary literature before treating a specific reaction as established.

Conservation & selection (intra-MTBC, 145 209 strains)

pN/pS 0.186 · strong purifying
Polymorphic sites (≥ 0.1% of strains) 7 synonymous, 4 missense, 0 nonsense, 0 frameshift

pN/pS from segregating SNPs (singletons removed) normalised by possible sites. Low pN/pS = purifying selection (a strong signal that a "hypothetical" is a real, constrained gene). A high pN/pS is ambiguous: relaxed constraint or positive selection (drug resistance, antigenic variation) inflate it; e.g. rpoB/katG/pncA score high here for resistance, not loss of function. A clonal disruption (one allele over a clade) suggests lineage pseudogenisation; a convergent one (many independent alleles) is typical of resistance loss-of-function.

Domains (Pfam, hmmscan --cut_ga)

PfamAccessioni-EvalueResiduesDescription
CondensationPF00668.26 1.5e-1854–468 Condensation domain

Functional interaction network (STRING v12, guilt-by-association)

Closest characterised functional partner: pks4 (polyketide beta-ketoacyl synthase), high confidence from genomic context alone (score 989 excluding text-mining).

PartnerProductScoreNo text-miningChannels (≥400)
Rv1181 pks4 polyketide beta-ketoacyl synthase 997 989 ctx neighborhood:648 coexpression:917 experimental:473 textmining:786
Rv1183 mmpL10 transmembrane transport protein MmpL10 992 948 ctx neighborhood:628 coexpression:806 textmining:858
Rv1180 pks3 polyketide beta-ketoacyl synthase 963 927 ctx neighborhood:513 coexpression:815 textmining:528
Rv3825c pks2 phthioceranic/hydroxyphthioceranic acid synthase 956 915 coexpression:597 experimental:721 textmining:515
Rv1527c pks5 polyketide synthase 903 888 coexpression:466 experimental:721
Rv2940c mas multifunctional mycocerosic acid synthase 912 886 coexpression:469 experimental:721
Rv2048c pks12 polyketide synthase 887 864 coexpression:469 experimental:721
Rv2933 ppsC phthiocerol synthesis polyketide synthase type I PpsC 883 864 coexpression:469 experimental:721
Rv3800c pks13 polyketide synthase 891 858 coexpression:661 experimental:473
Rv2377c mbtH hyp hypothetical protein 761 747 coexpression:424 experimental:564
Rv2946c pks1 polyketide synthase 799 731 coexpression:442 experimental:473
Rv1661 pks7 polyketide synthase 754 725 coexpression:443 experimental:473
Rv2932 ppsB phthiocerol synthesis polyketide synthase type I PpsB 749 722 coexpression:443 experimental:473
Rv0210 hyp hypothetical protein 716 717 ctx cooccurence:715
Rv2383c mbtB phenyloxazoline synthase 809 715 coexpression:678

STRING combines evidence channels (neighborhood, fusion, cooccurrence, coexpression, experimental, database, text-mining) into a 0–1000 score. The ctx badge marks edges carried by the genomic-context channels (conserved neighborhood, fusion, phylogenetic co-occurrence), which are independent of orthology and structure and the strongest signal for an unknown gene. The no text-mining column recomputes the score from data alone, so a link that does not depend on the literature is visible. Association is a function hypothesis, not proof: corroborate with the operon context and the primary literature before assigning a function.

Evidence

  • Legacy H37Rv annotation: acyltransferase papA3
  • MTBC0 PGAP product: acyltransferase PapA3
  • Pfam (hmmscan --cut_ga): Condensation PF00668.26 (E=1e-18)
  • (auto-curated by rules from PGAP + Pfam + Foldseek; not hand-reviewed)

Sources

  • Ancestral sequence & coordinates: Harrison LB et al. (2024), An imputed ancestral reference genome for the MTBC, doi:10.1101/2023.09.07.556366
  • Product annotation: NCBI PGAP on MTBC0; legacy from H37Rv NC_000962.3 (RefSeq NP_215698.1)
  • Domains: Pfam-A via hmmscan --cut_ga — Condensation (PF00668.26)
  • Sequence-level signal: ESM Atlas (EvolutionaryScale × BioHub) — exploratory
  • Controlled vocabulary: eggNOG-mapper 2.1.12 (Cantalapiedra et al. 2021, doi:10.1093/molbev/msab293), eggNOG 5.0 DB (Huerta-Cepas et al. 2019) — OG COG1020
  • Curated reference: UniProt P9WIK5 (SwissProt, reviewed; Evidence at protein level)
  • Intra-MTBC selection: pN/pS and disruption from SPDI variants of 145 209 MTBC strains (this work, local collection vs H37Rv NC_000962.3)
  • Interaction network: STRING v12.0 (Szklarczyk et al. 2023, doi:10.1093/nar/gkac1000), taxon 83332, CC-BY 4.0 — 112 functional partner(s); context anchor pks4
  • Primary literature: none located yet; annotation rests on the domain/homology sources above.

Ancestral MTBC0 protein sequence

>mtbc0_001270|Rv1182|papA3
MLRVGPLTIGTLDDWAPSTGSTVSWRPSAVAHTKASQAPISDVPVSYMQAQHIRGYCEQKAKGLDYSRLMVVSCQQPGQCDIRAANYVINAHLRRHDTYRSWFQYNGNGQIIRRTIQDPADIEFVPVHHGELTLPQIREIVQNTPDPLQWGCFRFGIVQGCDHFTFFASVDHVHVDAMIVGVTLMEFHLMYAALVGGHAPLELPPAGSYDDFCRRQHTFSSTLTVESPQVRAWTKFAEGTNGSFPDFPLPLGDPSKPSDADIVTVMMLDEEQTAQFESVCTAAGARFIGGVLACCGLAEHELTGTTTYYGLTPRDTRRTPADAMTQGWFTGLIPITVPIAGSAFGDAARAAQTSFDSGVKLAEVPYDRVVELSSTLTMPRPNFPVVNFLDAGAAPLSVLLTAELTGTNIGVYSDGRYSYQLSIYVIRVEQGTAVAVMFPDNPIARESVARYLATLKSVFQRVAESGQQQNVA